diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExportZipUtil.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExportZipUtil.java
index 6670a6af..b11940e8 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExportZipUtil.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExportZipUtil.java
@@ -486,10 +486,10 @@ public class ExportZipUtil {
         // ---- 自动调整列宽 ----
         autoSizeColumns(sheet, colCount);
 
-        // 冻结表头行
+        // 冻结表头行（含多层表头：headerRowCount 表示除首行外的子表头，总冻结行数 = 1 + headerRowCount）
         if (currentRow > 1) {
-            int freezeRows = 1 + sheetData.getHeaderRowCount();
-            sheet.createFreezePane(0, Math.min(freezeRows, currentRow - 1));
+            int freezeRows = Math.min(1 + sheetData.getHeaderRowCount(), currentRow);
+            sheet.createFreezePane(0, freezeRows);
         }
     }