diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/controller/SdWtBHController.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/controller/SdWtBHController.java
index f0eed18b..790bf783 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/controller/SdWtBHController.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/controller/SdWtBHController.java
@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag;
 import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
+import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Map;
 
 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/base/wt")
@@ -62,4 +64,12 @@ public class SdWtBHController {
         Page<SdWtBH> page = service.queryPageList(request);
         new ExcelUtil<>(SdWtBH.class).exportExcel(response, page.getRecords(), "水温站数据", "水温站导出");
     }
+
+    @PostMapping("/import")
+    @Operation(summary = "水温站导入")
+    public ResponseResult importData(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,
+                                     @RequestParam(value = "source", required = false) String source) throws Exception {
+        Map<String, Object> result = service.importData(file, source);
+        return ResponseResult.successData(result);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/ISdWtBHService.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/ISdWtBHService.java
index d09ce970..4d014feb 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/ISdWtBHService.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/ISdWtBHService.java
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.Page;
 import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
 import com.yfd.platform.common.DataSourceRequest;
 import com.yfd.platform.qgc_base.domain.SdWtBH;
+import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -14,4 +15,12 @@ public interface ISdWtBHService extends IService<SdWtBH> {
     boolean update(SdWtBH entity, String source);
     boolean update(Map<String, Object> engInfoPatch, String source) throws Exception;
     boolean delete(List<String> stcds, String source);
+    /**
+     * 从 Excel 文件批量导入水温站数据（逐条走 add()，含站码唯一校验与操作日志）
+     *
+     * @param file   上传的 Excel 文件
+     * @param source 数据来源
+     * @return 导入结果汇总：total/success/fail/errors
+     */
+    Map<String, Object> importData(MultipartFile file, String source) throws Exception;
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/impl/SdWtBHServiceImpl.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/impl/SdWtBHServiceImpl.java
index c29ff7e6..5a5d8673 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/impl/SdWtBHServiceImpl.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/qgc_base/service/impl/SdWtBHServiceImpl.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import com.yfd.platform.utils.*;
 import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
+import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
 import java.util.*;
 
@@ -130,4 +131,34 @@ public class SdWtBHServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<SdWtBHMapper, SdWtBH> impleme
         }
         return count > 0;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
+    public Map<String, Object> importData(MultipartFile file, String source) throws Exception {
+        List<SdWtBH> list = new ExcelUtil<>(SdWtBH.class).importExcel(file);
+        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
+        result.put("total", list.size());
+        int batchSize = 500;
+        // 过滤无站码的行（stcd 为主键，不能为空）
+        List<SdWtBH> validList = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<String> errors = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (SdWtBH entity : list) {
+            if (StrUtil.isBlank(entity.getStcd())) {
+                errors.add("存在缺少站码的行，已跳过");
+                continue;
+            }
+            validList.add(entity);
+        }
+        int success = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < validList.size(); i += batchSize) {
+            List<SdWtBH> sub = validList.subList(i, Math.min(i + batchSize, validList.size()));
+            if (this.saveBatch(sub, batchSize)) {
+                success += sub.size();
+            }
+        }
+        result.put("success", success);
+        result.put("fail", list.size() - success);
+        result.put("errors", errors);
+        return result;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExcelUtil.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExcelUtil.java
index e2b10b19..c8b124d1 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExcelUtil.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yfd/platform/utils/ExcelUtil.java
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.FillPatternType;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;
@@ -13,24 +15,33 @@ import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFColor;
+import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.net.URLEncoder;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.text.ParseException;
 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
 import java.time.LocalDate;
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 /**
@@ -105,6 +116,67 @@ public class ExcelUtil<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 从上传的 Excel（xlsx）导入数据：读取首个工作表，按表头（{@link Excel#name()}）匹配列，
+     * 逐行转换为实体对象。表头列顺序无要求，只按列名匹配。
+     *
+     * @param file 上传的 Excel 文件
+     * @return 解析出的实体列表
+     */
+    public List<T> importExcel(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
+        if (file == null || file.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("导入文件不能为空");
+        }
+        List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
+        try (Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(file.getInputStream())) {
+            Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
+            Row headerRow = sheet.getRow(0);
+            if (headerRow == null) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Excel文件没有表头");
+            }
+            // 表头名 -> 列号
+            Map<String, Integer> headerColMap = new HashMap<>();
+            for (int c = 0; c < headerRow.getLastCellNum(); c++) {
+                String name = getStringCellValue(headerRow.getCell(c));
+                if (name != null && !name.isBlank()) {
+                    headerColMap.put(name.trim(), c);
+                }
+            }
+            // 列号 -> 实体字段（仅匹配参与导出的 @Excel 字段）
+            Map<Integer, Field> colFieldMap = new HashMap<>();
+            for (Field field : exportFields) {
+                Integer col = headerColMap.get(field.getAnnotation(Excel.class).name());
+                if (col != null) {
+                    colFieldMap.put(col, field);
+                }
+            }
+            for (int r = 1; r <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); r++) {
+                Row row = sheet.getRow(r);
+                if (isRowEmpty(row)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                T entity = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
+                boolean hasValue = false;
+                for (Map.Entry<Integer, Field> entry : colFieldMap.entrySet()) {
+                    Cell cell = row.getCell(entry.getKey());
+                    if (cell == null) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    Excel excel = entry.getValue().getAnnotation(Excel.class);
+                    Object value = convertFromCell(excel, entry.getValue(), cell);
+                    if (value != null) {
+                        setFieldValue(entry.getValue(), entity, value);
+                        hasValue = true;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (hasValue) {
+                    list.add(entity);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return list;
+    }
+
     // ==================== 内部实现 ====================
 
     private void writeSheet(SXSSFWorkbook workbook, String sheetName, List<T> list) {
@@ -285,4 +357,124 @@ public class ExcelUtil<T> {
         String safe = name == null || name.isBlank() ? "Sheet1" : name.replaceAll("[\\[\\]:*?/\\\\]", "_");
         return safe.length() > 31 ? safe.substring(0, 31) : safe;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 读取单元格文本值（空白单元格返回 null）
+     */
+    private String getStringCellValue(Cell cell) {
+        if (cell == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return switch (cell.getCellType()) {
+            case STRING -> {
+                String v = cell.getStringCellValue();
+                yield v == null || v.isBlank() ? null : v.trim();
+            }
+            case NUMERIC -> {
+                if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
+                    yield new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(cell.getDateCellValue());
+                }
+                double d = cell.getNumericCellValue();
+                yield d == Math.floor(d) ? String.valueOf((long) d) : String.valueOf(d);
+            }
+            case BOOLEAN -> String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
+            case FORMULA -> {
+                try {
+                    yield cell.getStringCellValue();
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    yield String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
+                }
+            }
+            default -> null;
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 判断整行是否无有效数据
+     */
+    private boolean isRowEmpty(Row row) {
+        if (row == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < row.getLastCellNum(); i++) {
+            if (getStringCellValue(row.getCell(i)) != null) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 将单元格值转换为目标实体字段类型（String/数值/日期/Boolean）
+     */
+    private Object convertFromCell(Excel excel, Field field, Cell cell) {
+        if (cell == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Class<?> type = field.getType();
+        if (type == String.class) {
+            return getStringCellValue(cell);
+        }
+        if (type == BigDecimal.class || type == Integer.class || type == Long.class
+                || type == Double.class || type == Float.class || type == Short.class) {
+            String s = getStringCellValue(cell);
+            if (s == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            try {
+                if (type == BigDecimal.class) return new BigDecimal(s);
+                if (type == Integer.class) return Integer.valueOf(s);
+                if (type == Long.class) return Long.valueOf(s);
+                if (type == Double.class) return Double.valueOf(s);
+                if (type == Float.class) return Float.valueOf(s);
+                if (type == Short.class) return Short.valueOf(s);
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                log.warn("Excel 导入数值转换失败: col={}, value={}", excel.name(), s);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+        if (type == Date.class || type == LocalDate.class || type == LocalDateTime.class) {
+            if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.NUMERIC && DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
+                Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
+                if (type == Date.class) return date;
+                if (type == LocalDate.class) return date.toInstant().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toLocalDate();
+                return date.toInstant().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toLocalDateTime();
+            }
+            String s = getStringCellValue(cell);
+            if (s == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            try {
+                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(excel.dateFormat());
+                sdf.setLenient(false);
+                Date date = sdf.parse(s);
+                if (type == Date.class) return date;
+                if (type == LocalDate.class) return date.toInstant().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toLocalDate();
+                return date.toInstant().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toLocalDateTime();
+            } catch (ParseException e) {
+                log.warn("Excel 导入日期转换失败: col={}, value={}, format={}", excel.name(), s, excel.dateFormat());
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+        if (type == Boolean.class) {
+            if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {
+                return cell.getBooleanCellValue();
+            }
+            String s = getStringCellValue(cell);
+            if (s == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            return "1".equals(s) || "true".equalsIgnoreCase(s) || "是".equals(s);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private void setFieldValue(Field field, Object entity, Object value) {
+        try {
+            field.setAccessible(true);
+            field.set(entity, value);
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            log.warn("Excel 导入设置字段值失败: field={}, err={}", field.getName(), e.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
 }