chore: 初始化项目并添加 .gitignore

2026-01-19 14:27:41 +08:00 · 2026-01-19 14:27:41 +08:00 · aa4b14181c
commit aa4b14181c
58 changed files with 9237 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# ===== OS / Editor =====
+.DS_Store
+Thumbs.db
+Desktop.ini
+*.swp
+*.swo
+*.tmp
+*.bak
+
+.idea/
+.vscode/
+
+# ===== Logs =====
+*.log
+
+# ===== Python =====
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*.pyo
+*.pyd
+.Python
+.pytest_cache/
+.mypy_cache/
+.ruff_cache/
+.coverage
+coverage.xml
+htmlcov/
+*.egg-info/
+dist/
+build/
+
+.venv/
+venv/
+env/
+ENV/
+
+.env
+.env.*
+!.env.example
+
+# ===== Backend (PyInstaller outputs) =====
+/backend/build/
+/backend/dist/
+/backend/venv/
+
+# ===== Node / Frontend =====
+node_modules/
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+pnpm-debug.log*
+
+/.turbo/
+/.cache/
+
+/frontend/node_modules/
+/frontend/dist/
+/frontend/release/
+
+# ===== Electron =====
+*.asar
+
--- a/.trae/skills/code-reviewer/SKILL.md
+++ b/.trae/skills/code-reviewer/SKILL.md
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+name: "code-reviewer"
+description: "审查代码的正确性、安全性、可维护性与一致性。用户要求“代码审查/Review”、准备合并、或你完成较大改动后调用。"
+---
+
+# Code Reviewer（代码审查）
+
+## 何时使用
+
+- 用户明确提出“代码审查/Review/帮我看看这段代码/有没有坑”
+- 你完成了较大改动（多文件、涉及业务逻辑/安全/性能/并发/数据库/鉴权），准备交付前自检
+- 修复 bug 后，需要确认没有引入回归
+
+## 输入要求（你需要我提供什么）
+
+优先按可获得的信息审查，不强制全部具备：
+
+- 需要审查的范围：文件路径/目录/提交 diff/粘贴代码片段
+- 目标与约束：功能期望、性能目标、兼容性、上线环境、风格偏好
+- 相关上下文：调用链入口、接口契约（请求/响应）、数据库表/索引、配置项
+
+## 审查维度（检查清单）
+
+### 正确性
+- 边界条件、空值、异常路径、重试/幂等、并发与竞态
+- 输入校验与错误信息一致性
+- 资源释放（文件句柄、连接、锁）、超时设置
+
+### 安全性
+- 注入风险（SQL/命令/模板/路径穿越）、反序列化风险
+- 鉴权/鉴别：敏感操作是否校验权限，是否存在越权路径
+- 机密信息：日志/错误信息/返回值中是否泄露 token、密码、密钥、PII
+
+### 可维护性
+- 代码结构是否清晰，职责是否单一，命名是否表达意图
+- 重复逻辑是否可抽取，是否遵循既有项目模式
+- 配置/常量是否集中管理，错误码/异常是否统一
+
+### 性能与稳定性
+- 热路径复杂度、N+1、无界循环/递归、潜在阻塞 I/O
+- 缓存策略、批处理、分页、索引友好性
+- 观测性：日志粒度、指标点、错误上下文是否足够定位
+
+### 风格与一致性
+- 与仓库既有格式、依赖、工具链一致（类型、lint、格式化、文件组织）
+- 公共工具与约定（例如 logger、配置、错误处理）是否复用而非自造
+
+## 输出格式（你应如何给出审查结果）
+
+按“可执行、可落地”的方式输出，默认用中文：
+
+1. 结论摘要（风险等级：高/中/低）
+2. 必须修复（Blockers）：每条包含 位置、问题、影响、建议修复
+3. 建议改进（Suggestions）：同上，但不阻塞
+4. 可选优化（Nice-to-have）
+5. 若适用：给出最小改动的补丁方案（优先）或替代实现思路
+
+## 约束
+
+- 不凭空假设依赖已存在；若引入新依赖，先确认仓库已有或给出替代方案
+- 不输出或建议写入任何密钥/token
--- a/.trae/skills/pr-reviewer/SKILL.md
+++ b/.trae/skills/pr-reviewer/SKILL.md
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+---
+name: "pr-reviewer"
+description: "对变更/PR 做代码审查并给出可执行修改建议。用户要求代码评审、准备合并、或完成较大改动后自检时调用。"
+---
+
+# PR Reviewer（变更/PR 代码审查）
+
+## 目标
+
+- 快速识别高风险缺陷（正确性/安全/稳定性/兼容性）
+- 以“可落地修改”为导向给出建议（位置、原因、影响、最小修复）
+- 在不引入不必要依赖的前提下，尽量复用仓库现有模式与工具
+
+## 何时使用
+
+- 用户要求“评审这个 PR/diff/改动”
+- 你完成了多文件或关键路径改动，准备合并前自检
+- 修复 bug 或安全问题后，需要确认无回归
+
+## 你需要获取的信息（尽量自己补齐）
+
+优先使用现有上下文完成评审，不强制用户补全：
+
+- 变更范围：diff/文件列表/目录
+- 预期行为：功能目标、边界条件、失败语义
+- 运行环境：语言版本、部署方式、配置来源、数据库/外部依赖
+- 质量门槛：性能目标、SLA、兼容性、测试要求
+
+## 审查方法（按优先级）
+
+1. 先看变更入口与数据流：输入→处理→持久化/外部调用→输出
+2. 先找会导致事故的点：鉴权、注入、并发、资源泄露、回滚困难
+3. 再看可维护性：重复、耦合、命名、可读性、错误处理一致性
+4. 最后看体验与一致性：日志、可观测性、风格、文档与配置
+
+## 检查清单
+
+### 正确性
+
+- 边界条件：空值/缺省、极端长度、时区与编码、浮点与精度
+- 错误路径：异常是否被吞、错误码与消息是否一致、重试/幂等性
+- 并发：竞态、锁粒度、事务边界、重复提交
+- 资源：连接/句柄/任务是否可控，是否有超时与取消
+
+### 安全性
+
+- 注入：SQL/命令/模板/路径穿越/正则 DoS
+- 鉴权：敏感操作是否校验权限与主体一致性，是否存在越权路径
+- 会话：token 处理是否安全（存储/传输/日志/错误信息）
+- 密钥：不得输出或建议写入任何密钥/token/密码/私钥/PII
+
+### 稳定性与性能
+
+- 热路径复杂度、N+1、无界队列/循环、阻塞 I/O
+- 缓存/分页/批处理是否合理，索引友好性
+- 外部依赖：熔断/退避/限流/超时/重试策略是否一致
+
+### 可维护性与一致性
+
+- 是否复用项目既有抽象（配置、logger、错误处理、领域模型）
+- 是否引入了不必要的新依赖；若必须引入，说明理由与替代方案
+- API/DTO/Schema 是否向后兼容；破坏性变更是否标注与迁移路径
+
+### 测试与验证
+
+- 是否覆盖关键分支与失败路径
+- 是否新增或更新了与变更一致的测试（单测/集成/端到端）
+- 是否需要补充回归用例（最小复现）
+
+## 输出格式（必须可执行）
+
+按以下结构输出，中文为默认：
+
+1. 结论摘要（风险：高/中/低，是否建议合并：是/否/有条件）
+2. Blockers（必须修复）：每条包含
+   - 位置：文件 + 行号范围（若可获得）
+   - 问题：一句话描述
+   - 影响：会导致什么
+   - 修复：最小改动建议（必要时给补丁）
+3. Suggestions（建议改进）：同上，但不阻塞
+4. Tests（建议验证）：列出要跑/要补的测试与覆盖点
+
+## 约束
+
+- 不凭空假设依赖或环境已存在；不确定时先在仓库中确认
+- 不输出或建议写入任何密钥/token
--- a/DB_PERFORMANCE_ANALYSIS.md
+++ b/DB_PERFORMANCE_ANALYSIS.md
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# TimescaleDB 性能测试分析报告
+
+基于 `test_db.py` 对 30 万条车辆仿真数据的写入与查询测试，本次性能评估结论如下：
+
+## 1. 核心结论
+
+**TimescaleDB 完全满足智能电动车数字孪生系统（SmartEDT）的实时采集与回放需求。**
+
+- **写入能力**：单线程下 **3,500+ TPS** 的写入速度远超单车采集需求（通常单车高频信号仅需 50-100Hz，即 50-100 TPS）。即使并发接入 10-20 台车，当前配置也绰绰有余。
+- **查询响应**：**毫秒级（30ms）** 的时间切片查询能力，保证了“前端实时回放”与“大屏曲线刷新”的流畅度，不会出现卡顿。
+- **存储架构**：JSONB 混合存储方案在保持了极高灵活性的同时（0.2s 过滤查询），依然维持了优秀的查询性能，验证了“结构化字段（索引）+ 半结构化 Payload（JSONB）”建模方案的正确性。
+
+## 2. 详细指标分析
+
+### 2.1 写入性能 (Insertion)
+*   **指标**：3,547.78 条/秒 (TPS)
+*   **场景**：单连接、Batch=1000、Python `asyncpg` 驱动。
+*   **分析**：
+    *   **满足度**：假设单车采集频率为 50Hz（即每秒 50 个数据包），当前性能理论上可支持 **70 台车同时在线采集**。
+    *   **瓶颈推测**：当前瓶颈主要在 Python 端的序列化与网络 IO 往返（RTT）。
+    *   **优化空间**：如果未来需要支持上千台车，改用 `COPY` 协议或增加并发写入 worker，吞吐量可轻松提升至 5-10 万 TPS 以上。
+
+### 2.2 查询性能 (Query)
+
+| 查询类型 | 耗时 | 业务场景 | 评价 |
+| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
+| **最新数据 (Latest 1000)** | **0.0301s** | 实时大屏监控、轨迹回放 | **极优**。利用 TimescaleDB 的时间分区索引，无论历史数据多大，提取“最新 N 条”永远是毫秒级。 |
+| **全量计数 (Count)** | 0.0845s | 报表统计、数据完整性校验 | **优秀**。30万数据秒出，说明元数据管理高效。 |
+| **JSONB 内容过滤** | 0.2137s | 复杂故障诊断、特定工况筛选 | **良好**。在没有对 JSON 内部字段建索引的情况下，0.2s 扫描 30 万条 JSON 数据属于高性能表现。 |
+
+## 3. 架构建议
+
+基于测试结果，对后续开发提出以下建议：
+
+1.  **保持 JSONB 方案**：当前的表结构（`ts`, `simulation_id`, `signals(JSONB)`）在性能与灵活性之间取得了完美平衡，无需拆分更多列。
+2.  **索引优化**：目前 `ts` 和 `simulation_id` 已有索引。如果未来经常需要按“车速”或“故障码”过滤，建议对 JSONB 内部高频查询字段建立 **GIN 索引**。
+    *   *示例 SQL*：`CREATE INDEX idx_speed ON vehicle_signals USING gin ((signals->'vehicle_speed_kmh'));`
+3.  **保留策略**：建议配置 TimescaleDB 的 `retention_policy`，例如自动删除 30 天前的原始高频数据，只保留降采样后的聚合数据，以节省磁盘空间。
--- a/INSTALL_DB.md
+++ b/INSTALL_DB.md
@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# 数据库安装指南 (Windows)
+
+由于本项目依赖 **TimescaleDB** 时序数据库插件，而该插件目前在 Windows 上**仅官方支持到 PostgreSQL 17**（暂未提供适配 PostgreSQL 18 的 Windows 安装包），因此我们需要安装 **PostgreSQL 17**。
+
+## 方案一：使用 Docker（强烈推荐）
+
+如果您已安装 Docker Desktop，这是最简单的方法，无需配置环境。
+
+1. 确保 Docker Desktop 已启动。
+2. 在项目根目录打开终端，运行：
+   ```powershell
+   docker-compose up -d
+   ```
+3. 完成！数据库已在端口 `5432` 启动，且已包含 TimescaleDB。
+
+---
+
+## 方案二：本机手动安装
+
+如果您必须在 Windows 本机安装，请严格按照以下步骤操作。
+
+### 第一步：安装 PostgreSQL 17
+
+1. **下载**：[PostgreSQL 17.2 Windows x64 安装程序](https://get.enterprisedb.com/postgresql/postgresql-17.2-1-windows-x64.exe)
+   - 或者访问官网：https://www.postgresql.org/download/windows/
+2. **安装**：
+   - 运行安装程序。
+   - **记住您设置的密码**（后续配置需要用到，建议设为 `postgres` 或修改项目配置）。
+   - 端口保持默认 `5432`。
+   - 安装目录建议保持默认（如 `C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\17`）。
+   - **Stack Builder**：安装结束后会询问是否运行 Stack Builder，**取消勾选**，我们不需要它。
+
+### 第二步：安装 TimescaleDB 插件
+
+1. **下载**：[TimescaleDB v2.23.0 for PostgreSQL 17 (Windows zip)](https://github.com/timescale/timescaledb/releases/download/2.23.0/timescaledb-postgresql-17-windows-amd64.zip)
+   - 备用链接：访问 [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/timescale/timescaledb/releases)，找到 `timescaledb-postgresql-17-windows-amd64.zip`。
+2. **解压**：
+   - 将压缩包解压到一个临时文件夹。
+3. **安装**：
+   - 在解压后的文件夹中找到 `setup.exe`。
+   - **右键 -> 以管理员身份运行**。
+   - 按照提示操作：
+     - 输入 PostgreSQL 的安装路径（通常会自动检测）。
+     - 输入 `postgres` 用户的密码。
+     - 允许它修改 `postgresql.conf` 配置（输入 `y`）。
+4. **重启服务**：
+   - 打开 Windows 服务管理器（Win+R -> `services.msc`）。
+   - 找到 `postgresql-x64-17` 服务。
+   - 右键 -> **重新启动**。
+
+### 第三步：验证安装
+
+打开项目目录下的 `tools/check_db.py`（如果不存在可手动创建测试），或者使用 `psql`：
+
+```powershell
+psql -U postgres
+```
+
+在 SQL 命令行中输入：
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb;
+SELECT * FROM timescaledb_information.hypertables;
+```
+如果不报错，说明安装成功。
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# SmartEDT（智能电动车数字孪生系统）代码框架
+
+本仓库提供一套可扩展的系统骨架代码，用于支撑《系统开发技术方案.md》中定义的后端采集处理与桌面端多屏显示能力。
+
+## 目录结构
+
+```
+SmartEDT/
+  backend/
+  frontend/
+  系统开发技术方案.md
+```
+
+## 后端（Python 3.13.1 + FastAPI + WebSocket + PostgreSQL/TimescaleDB）
+
+### 1) 环境准备
+
+- 建议使用 venv：
+  - `python -m venv venv`
+  - `venv\Scripts\activate`
+  - `pip install -r backend/requirements.txt`
+
+### 2) 配置
+
+- 复制示例配置：
+  - `copy backend\\config.ini.example backend\\config.ini`
+- 按需修改 `[DATABASE].url`（示例密码为占位符 `CHANGE_ME`）。
+
+也可以通过环境变量覆盖：
+- `SMARTEDT_DATABASE_URL`
+- `SMARTEDT_FILE_ROOT`
+- `SMARTEDT_HOST`
+- `SMARTEDT_PORT`
+
+### 3) 数据库
+
+需要 PostgreSQL 并安装 TimescaleDB 扩展（数据库侧操作）。后端启动时会尝试：
+- `CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb`
+- `create_hypertable('vehicle_signals', 'ts', if_not_exists => TRUE)`
+
+### 4) 启动
+
+- 开发启动：
+  - `python backend/main.py --host 127.0.0.1 --port 5000 --debug`
+
+接口：
+- `GET /health`
+- `POST /api/simulation/start`
+- `POST /api/simulation/{simulation_id}/stop`
+- `WS /ws`
+
+## 前端（Electron + Vue）
+
+### 1) 安装依赖
+
+在 `frontend/` 目录下执行：
+- `npm install`
+
+### 2) 开发启动（Vite + Electron）
+
+- `npm run dev`
+
+Electron 主进程会尝试启动后端：
+- 默认使用 `python backend/main.py`
+- 可通过 `SMARTEDT_PYTHON` 指定 Python 可执行文件路径
+
--- a/backend/init.py
+++ b/backend/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
--- a/backend/api/init.py
+++ b/backend/api/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
--- a/backend/api/routes.py
+++ b/backend/api/routes.py
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
+
+from backend.api.schemas import HealthResponse, SimulationStartRequest, SimulationStartResponse, SimulationStopResponse
+from backend.services.simulation_manager import SimulationManager
+from backend.utils import safe_join
+
+
+def get_router(simulation_manager: SimulationManager, file_root: Path) -> APIRouter:
+    router = APIRouter()
+
+    @router.get("/health", response_model=HealthResponse)
+    async def health() -> HealthResponse:
+        return HealthResponse()
+
+    @router.get("/api/devices")
+    async def devices():
+        runtime = simulation_manager.current()
+        return {
+            "data": [
+                {
+                    "device_id": "controlbox_01",
+                    "device_type": "mock_vehicle",
+                    "connected": bool(runtime and runtime.status == "running"),
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+    @router.post("/api/simulation/start", response_model=SimulationStartResponse)
+    async def start_simulation(body: SimulationStartRequest) -> SimulationStartResponse:
+        simulation_id = await simulation_manager.start(body.model_dump())
+        return SimulationStartResponse(simulation_id=simulation_id)
+
+    @router.post("/api/simulation/{simulation_id}/stop", response_model=SimulationStopResponse)
+    async def stop_simulation(simulation_id: str) -> SimulationStopResponse:
+        await simulation_manager.stop(simulation_id)
+        return SimulationStopResponse(simulation_id=simulation_id, status="stopped")
+
+    @router.get("/files/{file_path:path}")
+    async def files(file_path: str):
+        try:
+            resolved = safe_join(file_root, file_path)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="invalid path")
+        if not resolved.exists() or not resolved.is_file():
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="not found")
+        return FileResponse(str(resolved))
+
+    return router
+
--- a/backend/api/schemas.py
+++ b/backend/api/schemas.py
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class HealthResponse(BaseModel):
+    status: str = "ok"
+
+
+class SimulationStartRequest(BaseModel):
+    scenario: str | None = None
+    weather: str | None = None
+    time_period: str | None = None
+    max_speed_kmh: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=0, le=300)
+    duration_minutes: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, le=360)
+    driver: str | None = None
+    extra: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class SimulationStartResponse(BaseModel):
+    simulation_id: str
+
+
+class SimulationStopResponse(BaseModel):
+    simulation_id: str
+    status: str
+
--- a/backend/api/ws.py
+++ b/backend/api/ws.py
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import WebSocket, WebSocketDisconnect
+
+from backend.services.broadcaster import Broadcaster
+
+
+async def websocket_handler(ws: WebSocket, broadcaster: Broadcaster) -> None:
+    await ws.accept()
+    await broadcaster.add(ws)
+    try:
+        while True:
+            await ws.receive_text()
+    except WebSocketDisconnect:
+        # 客户端正常断开连接，无需打印堆栈信息
+        pass
+    finally:
+        await broadcaster.remove(ws)
+
--- a/backend/build_backend.ps1
+++ b/backend/build_backend.ps1
@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# Ensure we are in the backend directory
+$ScriptDir = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
+Set-Location $ScriptDir
+
+Write-Host "Starting Backend Build Process..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
+
+# Define paths
+$VenvPath = Join-Path $ScriptDir "venv"
+$PythonExe = Join-Path $VenvPath "Scripts\python.exe"
+$PipExe = Join-Path $VenvPath "Scripts\pip.exe"
+$PyInstallerExe = Join-Path $VenvPath "Scripts\pyinstaller.exe"
+$SpecFile = "smartedt_backend.spec"
+
+# 1. Check/Create Virtual Environment
+if (-not (Test-Path $VenvPath)) {
+    Write-Host "Virtual environment not found. Creating..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
+    python -m venv venv
+    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+        Write-Error "Failed to create virtual environment."
+        exit 1
+    }
+} else {
+    Write-Host "Using existing virtual environment." -ForegroundColor Green
+}
+
+# 2. Install Dependencies
+Write-Host "Installing/Updating build dependencies..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
+& $PipExe install -r requirements.txt
+& $PipExe install -r requirements_build.txt
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+    Write-Error "Failed to install dependencies."
+    exit 1
+}
+
+# 3. Clean previous builds
+Write-Host "Cleaning up previous builds..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
+if (Test-Path "dist") { Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "dist" }
+if (Test-Path "build") { Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "build" }
+
+# 4. Run PyInstaller
+Write-Host "Running PyInstaller..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
+& $PyInstallerExe --clean --noconfirm $SpecFile
+
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
+    Write-Host "`nBackend build successful!" -ForegroundColor Green
+    Write-Host "Executable located at: $(Join-Path $ScriptDir 'dist\smartedt_backend\smartedt_backend.exe')" -ForegroundColor Green
+} else {
+    Write-Error "`nBackend build failed!"
+    exit 1
+}
--- a/backend/config/init.py
+++ b/backend/config/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
--- a/backend/config/config.ini
+++ b/backend/config/config.ini
@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[SERVER]
+host = 0.0.0.0
+port = 5000
+debug = True
+
+[FILEPATH]
+path = data
+
+[DATABASE]
+url = postgresql+psycopg://smartedt:postgres@127.0.0.1:5432/smartedt
+timescaledb = True
+
--- a/backend/config/settings.py
+++ b/backend/config/settings.py
@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import configparser
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ServerSettings:
+    host: str = "0.0.0.0"
+    port: int = 5000
+    debug: bool = False
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FileSettings:
+    root_path: Path
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class DatabaseSettings:
+    url: str
+    timescaledb: bool = True
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class AppSettings:
+    server: ServerSettings
+    files: FileSettings
+    database: DatabaseSettings
+
+
+import sys
+
+def _find_config_file() -> Path | None:
+    # Handle PyInstaller frozen state
+    if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
+        # If onefile, _MEIPASS. If onedir, executable dir or _internal
+        # With onedir, the exe is in root, internal files in _internal.
+        # But our spec put config in backend/config
+        
+        # Check relative to executable
+        exe_dir = Path(sys.executable).parent
+        candidates = [
+            exe_dir / "backend" / "config" / "config.ini",
+            exe_dir / "_internal" / "backend" / "config" / "config.ini",
+            exe_dir / "config.ini",
+        ]
+        for path in candidates:
+            if path.exists():
+                return path
+
+    candidates = [
+        Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "config.ini",
+        Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / "config.ini",
+        Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / "config.ini",
+    ]
+    for path in candidates:
+        if path.exists():
+            return path
+    return None
+
+
+def load_settings() -> AppSettings:
+    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    config_path = os.getenv("SMARTEDT_CONFIG")
+    if config_path:
+        config.read(config_path, encoding="utf-8")
+    else:
+        found = _find_config_file()
+        if found:
+            config.read(found, encoding="utf-8")
+
+    server = ServerSettings(
+        host=config.get("SERVER", "host", fallback=os.getenv("SMARTEDT_HOST", "0.0.0.0")),
+        port=config.getint("SERVER", "port", fallback=int(os.getenv("SMARTEDT_PORT", "5000"))),
+        debug=config.getboolean("SERVER", "debug", fallback=os.getenv("SMARTEDT_DEBUG", "False").lower() == "true"),
+    )
+
+    default_root = Path(os.getenv("SMARTEDT_FILE_ROOT", "data"))
+    root_value = config.get("FILEPATH", "path", fallback=str(default_root))
+    root_path = Path(root_value)
+    if not root_path.is_absolute():
+        root_path = (Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / root_path).resolve()
+
+    database_url = config.get("DATABASE", "url", fallback=os.getenv("SMARTEDT_DATABASE_URL", "")).strip()
+    if not database_url:
+        database_url = "postgresql+psycopg://smartedt:CHANGE_ME@127.0.0.1:5432/smartedt"
+    timescaledb = config.getboolean(
+        "DATABASE",
+        "timescaledb",
+        fallback=os.getenv("SMARTEDT_TIMESCALEDB", "True").lower() == "true",
+    )
+
+    return AppSettings(
+        server=server,
+        files=FileSettings(root_path=root_path),
+        database=DatabaseSettings(url=database_url, timescaledb=timescaledb),
+    )
+
--- a/backend/database/init.py
+++ b/backend/database/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
--- a/backend/database/check_db.py
+++ b/backend/database/check_db.py
@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import os
+import sys
+
+def check_database():
+    print("正在检查数据库连接...")
+    
+    # 连接参数：通过环境变量覆盖（不在输出中打印密码）
+    user = os.getenv("PG_USER", "smartedt")
+    password = os.getenv("PG_PASSWORD", "postgres")
+    host = os.getenv("PG_HOST", "127.0.0.1")
+    port = os.getenv("PG_PORT", "5432")
+    dbname = "smartedt"
+
+    try:
+        import psycopg
+        conn = psycopg.connect(
+            dbname=dbname,
+            user=user,
+            password=password,
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            autocommit=True,
+        )
+        server_version = getattr(conn.info, "server_version", None)
+        print(f"✅ 成功连接到 PostgreSQL 数据库 '{dbname}' (用户: {user}, v{server_version})")
+        
+        cur = conn.cursor()
+        
+        # 检查 TimescaleDB 扩展是否已安装
+        print("正在检查 TimescaleDB 扩展...")
+        try:
+            # 尝试创建扩展（如果不存在）
+            cur.execute("CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb;")
+            print("✅ TimescaleDB 扩展加载成功")
+            
+            # 检查版本
+            cur.execute("SELECT extversion FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'timescaledb';")
+            version = cur.fetchone()
+            if version:
+                print(f"✅ TimescaleDB 版本: {version[0]}")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 未找到 TimescaleDB 版本信息")
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ TimescaleDB 检查失败: {e}")
+            
+        cur.close()
+        conn.close()
+        return True
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ 连接失败: {e}")
+        print("\n可能有以下原因：")
+        print("1. 数据库服务未启动 (请运行 'net start postgresql-x64-17')")
+        print("2. 密码错误 (请设置环境变量 PG_PASSWORD)")
+        print("3. 端口被占用或配置不同")
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    try:
+        import psycopg  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        print("缺少依赖 psycopg，请先安装后再运行该脚本。")
+        raise
+
+    check_database()
--- a/backend/database/engine.py
+++ b/backend/database/engine.py
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncEngine, AsyncSession, async_sessionmaker, create_async_engine
+
+from backend.config.settings import DatabaseSettings
+
+
+def create_engine(settings: DatabaseSettings) -> AsyncEngine:
+    return create_async_engine(
+        settings.url,
+        pool_pre_ping=True,
+        future=True,
+    )
+
+
+def create_session_factory(engine: AsyncEngine) -> async_sessionmaker[AsyncSession]:
+    return async_sessionmaker(engine, expire_on_commit=False)
+
--- a/backend/database/schema.py
+++ b/backend/database/schema.py
@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, DateTime, Float, ForeignKey, Index, String, Table, text
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Simulation(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "simulations"
+
+    simulation_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), primary_key=True, comment="仿真 ID")
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(32), index=True, comment="仿真状态（running/stopped 等）")
+    started_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), index=True, comment="开始时间（UTC）")
+    ended_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True, comment="结束时间（UTC）")
+    scenario_name: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True, index=True, comment="仿真场景名称")
+    scenario_config: Mapped[dict] = mapped_column(JSON, default=dict, comment="仿真场景配置（JSON）")
+    config_created_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True, comment="配置创建时间（UTC）")
+    operator: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="仿真操作员")
+    archived: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, default=False, comment="是否归档")
+
+
+vehicle_signals = Table(
+    "sim_vehicle_signals",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("ts", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, index=True, comment="信号采样时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("simulation_id", String(64), nullable=False, index=True, comment="仿真 ID"),
+    Column("device_id", String(64), nullable=False, index=True, comment="设备 ID"),
+    Column("seq", BigInteger, nullable=False, comment="信号序列号（单仿真内递增）"),
+    Column("signals", JSONB, nullable=False, comment="车辆信号载荷（JSONB）"),
+    Index("idx_vehicle_signals_sim_ts", "simulation_id", "ts"),
+    comment="车辆信号时序数据（TimescaleDB hypertable）",
+)
+
+unity_vehicle_frames = Table(
+    "sim_unity_vehicle_frames",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("ts", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, index=True, comment="帧时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("simulation_id", String(64), nullable=False, index=True, comment="仿真 ID"),
+    Column("vehicle_id", String(64), nullable=False, index=True, comment="虚拟车辆 ID"),
+    Column("seq", BigInteger, nullable=False, comment="帧序号（单仿真单车内递增）"),
+    Column("pos_x", Float, nullable=False, comment="位置 X（世界坐标）"),
+    Column("pos_y", Float, nullable=False, comment="位置 Y（世界坐标）"),
+    Column("pos_z", Float, nullable=False, comment="位置 Z（世界坐标）"),
+    Column("rot_x", Float, nullable=False, comment="旋转四元数 X"),
+    Column("rot_y", Float, nullable=False, comment="旋转四元数 Y"),
+    Column("rot_z", Float, nullable=False, comment="旋转四元数 Z"),
+    Column("rot_w", Float, nullable=False, comment="旋转四元数 W"),
+    Column("lin_vel_x", Float, nullable=True, comment="线速度 X（可选）"),
+    Column("lin_vel_y", Float, nullable=True, comment="线速度 Y（可选）"),
+    Column("lin_vel_z", Float, nullable=True, comment="线速度 Z（可选）"),
+    Column("ang_vel_x", Float, nullable=True, comment="角速度 X（可选）"),
+    Column("ang_vel_y", Float, nullable=True, comment="角速度 Y（可选）"),
+    Column("ang_vel_z", Float, nullable=True, comment="角速度 Z（可选）"),
+    Column("controls", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="控制量（油门/刹车/方向/档位等，JSONB）"),
+    Column("extra", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="扩展字段（仿真引擎自定义，JSONB）"),
+    Index("idx_unity_frames_sim_vehicle_ts", "simulation_id", "vehicle_id", "ts"),
+    comment="虚拟车辆驱动仿真帧数据（用于 Unity 车辆模型运动与回放，TimescaleDB hypertable）",
+)
+
+screen_recordings = Table(
+    "sim_screen_videos",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("video_id", String(64), primary_key=True, comment="录制文件记录 ID"),
+    Column("simulation_id", String(64), nullable=False, index=True, comment="仿真 ID"),
+    Column("screen_type", String(32), nullable=False, index=True, comment="屏幕类型（big_screen/vehicle_screen 等）"),
+    Column("source_name", String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="录制源名称（可选，如设备号/通道号）"),
+    Column("status", String(32), nullable=False, index=True, comment="状态（recording/ready/failed 等）"),
+    Column("relative_path", String(1024), nullable=False, comment="相对文件根目录的路径（用于下载/归档）"),
+    Column("file_name", String(255), nullable=True, comment="文件名（可选）"),
+    Column("format", String(32), nullable=True, comment="容器格式（mp4/mkv 等）"),
+    Column("codec", String(64), nullable=True, comment="编码信息（H264/H265 等）"),
+    Column("width", BigInteger, nullable=True, comment="视频宽度（像素）"),
+    Column("height", BigInteger, nullable=True, comment="视频高度（像素）"),
+    Column("fps", Float, nullable=True, comment="帧率（可选）"),
+    Column("duration_ms", BigInteger, nullable=True, comment="时长（毫秒，可选）"),
+    Column("size_bytes", BigInteger, nullable=True, comment="文件大小（字节，可选）"),
+    Column("recorded_started_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True, comment="录制开始时间（UTC，可选）"),
+    Column("recorded_ended_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True, comment="录制结束时间（UTC，可选）"),
+    Column("created_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=text("now()"), index=True, comment="记录创建时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("extra", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="扩展信息（JSONB）"),
+    Index("idx_screen_recordings_sim_screen_created", "simulation_id", "screen_type", "created_at"),
+    Index("idx_screen_recordings_sim_screen_time", "simulation_id", "screen_type", "recorded_started_at"),
+    comment="仿真过程屏幕录制文件元数据（显示大屏/车载屏等）",
+)
+
+sys_role = Table(
+    "sys_role",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("role_id", String(64), primary_key=True, comment="角色 ID"),
+    Column("role_name", String(64), nullable=False, unique=True, index=True, comment="角色名称（唯一）"),
+    Column("role_desc", String(255), nullable=True, comment="角色描述"),
+    Column("is_active", Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("TRUE"), index=True, comment="是否启用"),
+    Column("created_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=text("now()"), index=True, comment="创建时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("updated_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, comment="更新时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("extra", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="扩展信息（JSONB）"),
+    comment="系统角色",
+)
+
+sys_permission = Table(
+    "sys_permission",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("perm_code", String(128), primary_key=True, comment="权限编码（唯一）"),
+    Column("perm_name", String(128), nullable=False, index=True, comment="权限名称"),
+    Column("perm_group", String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="权限分组（可选）"),
+    Column("perm_desc", String(255), nullable=True, comment="权限描述"),
+    Column("created_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=text("now()"), index=True, comment="创建时间（UTC）"),
+    comment="系统功能权限",
+)
+
+sys_role_permission = Table(
+    "sys_role_permission",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("role_id", String(64), ForeignKey("sys_role.role_id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True, comment="角色 ID"),
+    Column("perm_code", String(128), ForeignKey("sys_permission.perm_code", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True, comment="权限编码"),
+    Column("created_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=text("now()"), index=True, comment="创建时间（UTC）"),
+    Index("idx_sys_role_permission_role", "role_id"),
+    Index("idx_sys_role_permission_perm", "perm_code"),
+    comment="角色功能权限关联表",
+)
+
+sys_user = Table(
+    "sys_user",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("user_id", String(64), primary_key=True, comment="用户 ID"),
+    Column("username", String(64), nullable=False, unique=True, index=True, comment="登录名（唯一）"),
+    Column("display_name", String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="显示名称"),
+    Column("password_hash", String(255), nullable=False, comment="密码哈希"),
+    Column("role_id", String(64), ForeignKey("sys_role.role_id"), nullable=False, index=True, comment="所属角色 ID"),
+    Column("is_active", Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("TRUE"), index=True, comment="是否启用"),
+    Column("last_login_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True, comment="最近登录时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("created_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=text("now()"), index=True, comment="创建时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("updated_at", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, comment="更新时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("extra", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="扩展信息（JSONB）"),
+    comment="系统用户（含所属角色）",
+)
+
+sys_logs = Table(
+    "sys_logs",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("log_id", BigInteger, primary_key=True, comment="日志 ID"),
+    Column("ts", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=text("now()"), index=True, comment="操作时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("user_id", String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="用户 ID（可为空，如匿名）"),
+    Column("username", String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="登录名快照（可选）"),
+    Column("role_id", String(64), nullable=True, index=True, comment="角色 ID 快照（可选）"),
+    Column("action", String(128), nullable=False, index=True, comment="操作动作（如 login/start_simulation）"),
+    Column("resource", String(255), nullable=True, index=True, comment="资源标识（如 URL/对象 ID）"),
+    Column("success", Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=text("TRUE"), index=True, comment="是否成功"),
+    Column("ip", String(64), nullable=True, comment="客户端 IP（可选）"),
+    Column("user_agent", String(512), nullable=True, comment="User-Agent（可选）"),
+    Column("detail", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="操作明细（JSONB，可选）"),
+    Index("idx_sys_logs_user_ts", "user_id", "ts"),
+    Index("idx_sys_logs_action_ts", "action", "ts"),
+    comment="系统操作日志",
+)
+
+
+server_metrics = Table(
+    "server_metrics",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("ts", DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, index=True, comment="采样时间（UTC）"),
+    Column("host_name", String(64), nullable=False, index=True, comment="主机名"),
+    Column("cpu_usage_percent", JSONB, nullable=False, comment="CPU 使用率（百分比，JSONB）"),
+    Column("memory_usage_bytes", JSONB, nullable=False, comment="内存使用情况（字节，JSONB）"),
+    Column("disk_usage_bytes", JSONB, nullable=True, comment="磁盘使用情况（字节，JSONB）"),
+    Index("idx_server_metrics_host_ts", "host_name", "ts"),
+    comment="服务器监控指标时序数据（TimescaleDB hypertable）",
+)
+
+
+async def init_schema(engine) -> None:
+    from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncEngine
+
+    if not isinstance(engine, AsyncEngine):
+        raise TypeError("engine must be AsyncEngine")
+
+    async with engine.begin() as conn:
+        await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)
+        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE simulations ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS scenario_name VARCHAR(255)"))
+        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE simulations ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS config_created_at TIMESTAMPTZ"))
+        await conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE simulations ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS operator VARCHAR(64)"))
+        await conn.execute(text("CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_simulations_scenario_name ON simulations (scenario_name)"))
+        await conn.execute(text("CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_simulations_config_created_at ON simulations (config_created_at)"))
+        await conn.execute(text("CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_simulations_operator ON simulations (operator)"))
+
+
+async def init_timescaledb(engine) -> None:
+    async with engine.begin() as conn:
+        await conn.execute(text("CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb"))
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "SELECT create_hypertable('sim_vehicle_signals', 'ts', if_not_exists => TRUE)"
+            )
+        )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_vehicle_signals_sim_ts_desc ON sim_vehicle_signals (simulation_id, ts DESC)"
+            )
+        )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "SELECT create_hypertable('server_metrics', 'ts', if_not_exists => TRUE)"
+            )
+        )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_server_metrics_host_ts_desc ON server_metrics (host_name, ts DESC)"
+            )
+        )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "SELECT create_hypertable('sim_unity_vehicle_frames', 'ts', if_not_exists => TRUE)"
+            )
+        )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_unity_frames_sim_vehicle_ts_desc ON sim_unity_vehicle_frames (simulation_id, vehicle_id, ts DESC)"
+            )
+        )
--- a/backend/database/test_db.py
+++ b/backend/database/test_db.py
@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+import asyncio
+import os
+import time
+import json
+import random
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from sqlalchemy import insert, select, text
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import create_async_engine
+from sqlalchemy.engine.url import make_url
+from backend.database.schema import vehicle_signals, Simulation, init_schema, init_timescaledb
+from backend.config.settings import load_settings
+
+# 模拟数据生成
+def generate_payload():
+    return {
+        "steering_wheel_angle_deg": round(random.uniform(-450, 450), 1),
+        "brake_pedal_travel_mm": round(random.uniform(0, 100), 1),
+        "throttle_pedal_travel_mm": round(random.uniform(0, 100), 1),
+        "gear": random.choice(["P", "N", "D", "R"]),
+        "handbrake": random.choice([0, 1]),
+        "vehicle_speed_kmh": round(random.uniform(0, 180), 1),
+        "wheel_speed_rpm": {
+            "FL": random.randint(0, 2000),
+            "FR": random.randint(0, 2000),
+            "RL": random.randint(0, 2000),
+            "RR": random.randint(0, 2000)
+        },
+        "lights": {
+            "left_turn": random.choice([0, 1]),
+            "right_turn": random.choice([0, 1]),
+            "hazard": random.choice([0, 1]),
+            "brake": random.choice([0, 1])
+        },
+        "soc_percent": round(random.uniform(0, 100), 1),
+        "voltage_v": round(random.uniform(300, 400), 1),
+        "current_a": round(random.uniform(-50, 200), 1),
+        "temperature_c": round(random.uniform(20, 80), 1)
+    }
+
+def _redact_url(url: str) -> str:
+    try:
+        parsed = make_url(url)
+        if parsed.password:
+            parsed = parsed.set(password="***")
+        return str(parsed)
+    except Exception:
+        return url
+
+async def run_test():
+    settings = load_settings()
+
+    db_url = os.getenv("SMARTEDT_TEST_DATABASE_URL", settings.database.url).strip()
+    print(f"Connecting to DB: {_redact_url(db_url)}")
+    engine = create_async_engine(db_url, echo=False)
+
+    # 0. 初始化表结构 (如果不存在)
+    print("Initializing schema...")
+    await init_schema(engine)
+    try:
+        await init_timescaledb(engine)
+        print("Schema and TimescaleDB initialized.")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"TimescaleDB init warning (might already exist): {e}")
+    
+    # 1. 准备测试数据
+    total_records = int(os.getenv("SMARTEDT_TEST_RECORDS", "300000"))
+    batch_size = int(os.getenv("SMARTEDT_TEST_BATCH_SIZE", "1000"))
+    simulation_id = f"TEST_SIM_{int(time.time())}"
+    device_id = "test_device_01"
+    
+    print(f"Generating {total_records} records for simulation {simulation_id}...")
+    
+    print("Starting insertion test...")
+    
+    # 2. 插入性能测试
+    insert_start_time = time.time()
+    
+    async with engine.begin() as conn:
+        # 分批插入
+        for base_seq in range(0, total_records, batch_size):
+            batch = []
+            end_seq = min(base_seq + batch_size, total_records)
+            for seq in range(base_seq, end_seq):
+                batch.append(
+                    {
+                        "ts": datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+                        "simulation_id": simulation_id,
+                        "device_id": device_id,
+                        "seq": seq,
+                        "signals": generate_payload(),
+                    }
+                )
+            await conn.execute(insert(vehicle_signals), batch)
+            if end_seq % 50000 == 0:
+                print(f"Inserted {end_seq} records...")
+    
+    insert_end_time = time.time()
+    insert_duration = insert_end_time - insert_start_time
+    print(f"\n✅ Insertion Test Complete:")
+    print(f"Total Records: {total_records}")
+    print(f"Time Taken: {insert_duration:.4f} seconds")
+    print(f"Throughput: {total_records / insert_duration:.2f} records/sec")
+    
+    # 3. 查询性能测试
+    print("\nStarting query performance test...")
+    
+    # 3.1 简单计数查询
+    query_start = time.time()
+    async with engine.connect() as conn:
+        result = await conn.execute(
+            select(text("count(*)")).select_from(vehicle_signals).where(vehicle_signals.c.simulation_id == simulation_id)
+        )
+        count = result.scalar()
+    query_end = time.time()
+    print(f"Query 1 (Count): Found {count} records in {query_end - query_start:.4f} seconds")
+    
+    # 3.2 复杂 JSONB 查询 (查询车速 > 100 的记录数)
+    # 注意：JSONB 查询语法取决于数据库和 SQLAlchemy 版本，这里使用 text() 以确保兼容性
+    query_start = time.time()
+    async with engine.connect() as conn:
+        # 查询 signals->>'vehicle_speed_kmh' > 100
+        stmt = text(
+            "SELECT count(*) FROM vehicle_signals "
+            "WHERE simulation_id = :sim_id "
+            "AND (signals->>'vehicle_speed_kmh')::float > 100"
+        )
+        result = await conn.execute(stmt, {"sim_id": simulation_id})
+        high_speed_count = result.scalar()
+    query_end = time.time()
+    print(f"Query 2 (JSONB Filter): Found {high_speed_count} records with speed > 100 in {query_end - query_start:.4f} seconds")
+    
+    # 3.3 时间范围查询 (查询最近 1000 条)
+    query_start = time.time()
+    async with engine.connect() as conn:
+        stmt = (
+            select(vehicle_signals)
+            .where(vehicle_signals.c.simulation_id == simulation_id)
+            .order_by(vehicle_signals.c.ts.desc())
+            .limit(1000)
+        )
+        result = await conn.execute(stmt)
+        rows = result.fetchall()
+    query_end = time.time()
+    print(f"Query 3 (Time Range Limit): Retrieved {len(rows)} records in {query_end - query_start:.4f} seconds")
+
+    await engine.dispose()
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # 确保在 Windows 上正确运行 asyncio
+    if hasattr(asyncio, 'WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy'):
+        asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy())
+        
+    asyncio.run(run_test())
--- a/backend/device/init.py
+++ b/backend/device/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
--- a/backend/device/base.py
+++ b/backend/device/base.py
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class DeviceInfo:
+    device_id: str
+    device_type: str
+    connected: bool
+
+
+class DeviceAdapter:
+    device_id: str
+    device_type: str
+
+    async def connect(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
--- a/backend/device/mock_vehicle.py
+++ b/backend/device/mock_vehicle.py
@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import random
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from backend.device.base import DeviceAdapter
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class VehicleSignalPayload:
+    steering_wheel_angle_deg: float
+    brake_pedal_travel_mm: float
+    throttle_pedal_travel_mm: float
+    gear: str
+    handbrake: int
+    vehicle_speed_kmh: float
+    wheel_speed_rpm: dict
+    lights: dict
+    soc_percent: float
+    voltage_v: float
+    current_a: float
+    temperature_c: float
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict:
+        return {
+            "steering_wheel_angle_deg": self.steering_wheel_angle_deg,
+            "brake_pedal_travel_mm": self.brake_pedal_travel_mm,
+            "throttle_pedal_travel_mm": self.throttle_pedal_travel_mm,
+            "gear": self.gear,
+            "handbrake": self.handbrake,
+            "vehicle_speed_kmh": self.vehicle_speed_kmh,
+            "wheel_speed_rpm": self.wheel_speed_rpm,
+            "lights": self.lights,
+            "soc_percent": self.soc_percent,
+            "voltage_v": self.voltage_v,
+            "current_a": self.current_a,
+            "temperature_c": self.temperature_c,
+        }
+
+
+class MockVehicleDevice(DeviceAdapter):
+    def __init__(self, device_id: str = "controlbox_01") -> None:
+        self.device_id = device_id
+        self.device_type = "mock_vehicle"
+        self._connected = False
+
+    async def connect(self) -> None:
+        self._connected = True
+
+    async def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        self._connected = False
+
+    async def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connected
+
+    def sample(self) -> VehicleSignalPayload:
+        steering = random.uniform(-180.0, 180.0)
+        brake = max(0.0, random.gauss(2.0, 1.0))
+        throttle = max(0.0, random.gauss(15.0, 5.0))
+        gear = random.choice(["P", "N", "D", "S"])
+        handbrake = 1 if gear == "P" else 0
+        speed = max(0.0, random.gauss(40.0, 10.0)) if gear in {"D", "S"} else 0.0
+        rpm = int(speed * 9 + random.uniform(-5, 5))
+        wheel = {"FL": rpm, "FR": rpm, "RL": rpm, "RR": rpm}
+        lights = {
+            "left_turn": int(random.random() < 0.05),
+            "right_turn": int(random.random() < 0.05),
+            "hazard": int(random.random() < 0.02),
+            "brake": int(brake > 5.0),
+        }
+        soc = max(0.0, min(100.0, 80.0 - random.random() * 0.1))
+        voltage = 360.0 + random.uniform(-0.5, 0.5)
+        current = max(0.0, random.gauss(15.0, 2.0))
+        temp = 28.0 + random.uniform(-0.2, 0.2)
+        return VehicleSignalPayload(
+            steering_wheel_angle_deg=steering,
+            brake_pedal_travel_mm=brake,
+            throttle_pedal_travel_mm=throttle,
+            gear=gear,
+            handbrake=handbrake,
+            vehicle_speed_kmh=speed,
+            wheel_speed_rpm=wheel,
+            lights=lights,
+            soc_percent=soc,
+            voltage_v=voltage,
+            current_a=current,
+            temperature_c=temp,
+        )
+
--- a/backend/main.py
+++ b/backend/main.py
@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import multiprocessing
+import platform
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# 修复 Windows 下 psycopg 异步连接的 Event Loop 问题
+if platform.system() == "Windows":
+    # 1. 强制设置 SelectorEventLoopPolicy
+    asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy())
+    
+    # 2. Monkeypatch 阻止 uvicorn 覆盖策略 (uvicorn 默认在 Windows 上强制使用 Proactor)
+    # 这对 psycopg 3 (SQLAlchemy async) 是必须的，因为 Proactor 不支持 add_reader/add_writer
+    original_set_policy = asyncio.set_event_loop_policy
+    def patched_set_policy(policy):
+        # 如果尝试设置 Proactor，则忽略并保持 Selector
+        if isinstance(policy, asyncio.WindowsProactorEventLoopPolicy):
+            return
+        original_set_policy(policy)
+    asyncio.set_event_loop_policy = patched_set_policy
+
+import uvicorn
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from fastapi import FastAPI, WebSocket
+
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+
+from backend.config.settings import load_settings
+from backend.database.engine import create_engine, create_session_factory
+from backend.database.schema import init_schema, init_timescaledb
+from backend.services.broadcaster import Broadcaster
+from backend.services.simulation_manager import SimulationManager
+from backend.services.server_monitor import ServerMonitorService
+from backend.device.mock_vehicle import MockVehicleDevice
+from backend.api import routes, ws
+from backend.utils import configure_logging
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("backend")
+
+def _default_backend_log_file() -> Path | None:
+    if getattr(sys, "frozen", False):
+        exe_dir = Path(sys.executable).resolve().parent
+        return exe_dir / "logs" / "backend.log"
+    return None
+
+def _force_windows_selector_event_loop_for_uvicorn() -> None:
+    if platform.system() != "Windows":
+        return
+    try:
+        import uvicorn.loops.asyncio as uvicorn_asyncio_loop
+    except Exception:
+        return
+
+    def _selector_loop_factory(use_subprocess: bool = False):
+        return asyncio.SelectorEventLoop
+
+    uvicorn_asyncio_loop.asyncio_loop_factory = _selector_loop_factory
+
+# 全局单例容器（简单实现）
+class Container:
+    def __init__(self):
+        load_dotenv()
+        self.settings = load_settings()
+        configure_logging(
+            "INFO" if not self.settings.server.debug else "DEBUG",
+            log_file=_default_backend_log_file(),
+        )
+        
+        self.file_root = self.settings.files.root_path
+        self.file_root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+        self.engine = create_engine(self.settings.database)
+        self.session_factory = create_session_factory(self.engine)
+        self.broadcaster = Broadcaster()
+        
+        # 实例化服务
+        self.simulation_manager = SimulationManager(
+            self.session_factory,
+            self.broadcaster
+        )
+        
+        # 实例化监控服务
+        self.server_monitor = ServerMonitorService(
+            self.session_factory,
+            self.broadcaster
+        )
+
+container = Container()
+
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
+    # 启动前初始化
+    await init_schema(container.engine)
+    if container.settings.database.timescaledb:
+        try:
+            await init_timescaledb(container.engine)
+        except Exception as e:
+            # 可能是已存在或权限问题，仅打印日志
+            logger.warning("TimescaleDB init warning: %s", e)
+    
+    # 注册默认设备
+    mock_dev = MockVehicleDevice(device_id="mock_01")
+    await container.simulation_manager.register_device(mock_dev)
+    
+    # 启动监控服务
+    await container.server_monitor.start()
+
+    yield
+    
+    # 停机清理
+    await container.server_monitor.stop()
+    await container.simulation_manager.stop()
+    await container.engine.dispose()
+
+app = FastAPI(title="SmartEDT Backend", version="0.1.0", lifespan=lifespan)
+app.include_router(routes.get_router(simulation_manager=container.simulation_manager, file_root=container.file_root))
+
+@app.websocket("/ws")
+async def ws_endpoint(websocket: WebSocket):
+    await ws.websocket_handler(websocket, broadcaster=container.broadcaster)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("--host", default=None)
+    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=None)
+    parser.add_argument("--debug", action="store_true")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    settings = load_settings()
+    host = args.host or settings.server.host
+    port = args.port or settings.server.port
+    debug = args.debug or settings.server.debug
+
+    _force_windows_selector_event_loop_for_uvicorn()
+
+    if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
+        uvicorn.run(app, host=host, port=port, log_level="debug" if debug else "info")
+    else:
+        uvicorn.run("backend.main:app", host=host, port=port, reload=debug, log_level="debug" if debug else "info")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    multiprocessing.freeze_support()
+    main()
--- a/backend/requirements.txt
+++ b/backend/requirements.txt
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+fastapi>=0.115.0
+uvicorn[standard]>=0.30.0
+sqlalchemy[asyncio]>=2.0.30
+psycopg[binary]>=3.2.0
+python-dotenv>=1.0.1
+pydantic>=2.8.0
+psutil>=5.9.0
+
--- a/backend/requirements_build.txt
+++ b/backend/requirements_build.txt
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pyinstaller>=6.9.0
+
--- a/backend/services/init.py
+++ b/backend/services/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
--- a/backend/services/broadcaster.py
+++ b/backend/services/broadcaster.py
@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from typing import Any
+
+from starlette.websockets import WebSocket
+
+
+class Broadcaster:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._clients: set[WebSocket] = set()
+        self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    async def add(self, ws: WebSocket) -> None:
+        async with self._lock:
+            self._clients.add(ws)
+
+    async def remove(self, ws: WebSocket) -> None:
+        async with self._lock:
+            self._clients.discard(ws)
+
+    async def broadcast_json(self, message: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        async with self._lock:
+            clients = list(self._clients)
+        for ws in clients:
+            try:
+                await ws.send_json(message)
+            except Exception:
+                await self.remove(ws)
+
--- a/backend/services/server_monitor.py
+++ b/backend/services/server_monitor.py
@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import asyncio
+import time
+import logging
+import psutil
+import socket
+import platform
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from sqlalchemy import insert
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import async_sessionmaker
+
+from backend.database.schema import server_metrics
+from backend.services.broadcaster import Broadcaster
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("backend.monitor")
+
+class ServerMonitorService:
+    def __init__(self, session_factory: async_sessionmaker, broadcaster: Broadcaster):
+        self._session_factory = session_factory
+        self._broadcaster = broadcaster
+        self._host_name = socket.gethostname()
+        self._running = False
+        self._task = None
+        self._sample_interval = 1.0 / 50.0  # 50Hz (20ms)
+        self._report_interval = 1.0 / 10.0  # 10Hz (100ms)
+        self._last_report_time = 0.0
+        
+        # Buffer for downsampling
+        self._buffer_cpu = []
+        self._buffer_mem = []
+
+    async def start(self):
+        if self._running:
+            return
+        self._running = True
+        self._task = asyncio.create_task(self._run_loop())
+        logger.info("ServerMonitorService started")
+
+    async def stop(self):
+        self._running = False
+        if self._task:
+            try:
+                await self._task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+        logger.info("ServerMonitorService stopped")
+
+    async def _run_loop(self):
+        loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        next_time = loop.time()
+        
+        while self._running:
+            # High frequency sampling (50Hz)
+            # psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None) is non-blocking
+            cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None)
+            mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
+            
+            self._buffer_cpu.append(cpu_percent)
+            self._buffer_mem.append(mem)
+            
+            current_time = loop.time()
+            
+            # Check if it's time to report (10Hz)
+            if current_time - self._last_report_time >= self._report_interval:
+                await self._process_and_report()
+                self._last_report_time = current_time
+                self._buffer_cpu.clear()
+                self._buffer_mem.clear()
+
+            # Precise timing control
+            next_time += self._sample_interval
+            sleep_time = next_time - loop.time()
+            if sleep_time > 0:
+                await asyncio.sleep(sleep_time)
+            else:
+                # If we are lagging, yield execution but don't sleep
+                await asyncio.sleep(0)
+
+    async def _process_and_report(self):
+        if not self._buffer_cpu:
+            return
+
+        # Downsampling: Calculate average of buffered samples
+        avg_cpu = sum(self._buffer_cpu) / len(self._buffer_cpu)
+        
+        # Take the latest memory reading (memory doesn't fluctuate as fast as CPU)
+        last_mem = self._buffer_mem[-1]
+        
+        payload = {
+            "ts": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+            "host_name": self._host_name,
+            "cpu_usage_percent": {
+                "total": round(avg_cpu, 2),
+                # Note: per-core usage is expensive to query at 50Hz, so we only track total here
+                # or we could sample per-core at lower frequency
+            },
+            "memory_usage_bytes": {
+                "total": last_mem.total,
+                "available": last_mem.available,
+                "used": last_mem.used,
+                "percent": last_mem.percent
+            },
+            "disk_usage_bytes": {} # Optional: disk usage changes slowly, maybe check every 1s
+        }
+
+        # 1. Broadcast via WebSocket (10Hz)
+        await self._broadcaster.broadcast_json({
+            "type": "server.metrics",
+            "payload": payload
+        })
+
+        # 2. Persist to Database (10Hz)
+        # Note: In production, consider batching inserts further (e.g., every 1s)
+        # to reduce DB load, but 10Hz single insert is manageable for TimescaleDB.
+        async with self._session_factory() as session:
+            try:
+                stmt = insert(server_metrics).values(
+                    ts=datetime.fromisoformat(payload["ts"]),
+                    host_name=payload["host_name"],
+                    cpu_usage_percent=payload["cpu_usage_percent"],
+                    memory_usage_bytes=payload["memory_usage_bytes"],
+                    disk_usage_bytes=payload["disk_usage_bytes"]
+                )
+                await session.execute(stmt)
+                await session.commit()
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning("Failed to persist server metrics: %s", e)
+                # Don't raise, keep monitoring running
--- a/backend/services/simulation_manager.py
+++ b/backend/services/simulation_manager.py
@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import secrets
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import insert
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, async_sessionmaker
+
+from backend.database.schema import Simulation, vehicle_signals
+from backend.device.mock_vehicle import MockVehicleDevice
+from backend.services.broadcaster import Broadcaster
+from backend.utils import utc_now
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("backend.simulation")
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SimulationRuntime:
+    simulation_id: str
+    status: str
+    task: asyncio.Task | None = None
+
+
+class SimulationManager:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        session_factory: async_sessionmaker[AsyncSession],
+        broadcaster: Broadcaster,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._session_factory = session_factory
+        self._broadcaster = broadcaster
+        self._runtime: SimulationRuntime | None = None
+        self._device = MockVehicleDevice()
+        self._seq = 0
+
+    def current(self) -> SimulationRuntime | None:
+        return self._runtime
+
+    async def register_device(self, device: MockVehicleDevice) -> None:
+        self._device = device
+
+    async def start(self, scenario_config: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+        if self._runtime and self._runtime.status == "running":
+            return self._runtime.simulation_id
+
+        simulation_id = "SIM" + utc_now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + secrets.token_hex(2).upper()
+        started_at = utc_now()
+        scenario_name = scenario_config.get("scenario")
+        operator = scenario_config.get("driver") or scenario_config.get("operator")
+        config_created_at = started_at
+
+        async with self._session_factory() as session:
+            session.add(
+                Simulation(
+                    simulation_id=simulation_id,
+                    status="running",
+                    started_at=started_at,
+                    ended_at=None,
+                    scenario_name=scenario_name,
+                    scenario_config=scenario_config,
+                    config_created_at=config_created_at,
+                    operator=operator,
+                    archived=False,
+                )
+            )
+            await session.commit()
+
+        await self._device.connect()
+        self._runtime = SimulationRuntime(simulation_id=simulation_id, status="running")
+        self._runtime.task = asyncio.create_task(self._run_loop(simulation_id))
+        await self._broadcaster.broadcast_json(
+            {"type": "simulation.status", "ts": started_at.timestamp(), "simulation_id": simulation_id, "payload": {"status": "running"}}
+        )
+        return simulation_id
+
+    async def stop(self, simulation_id: str) -> None:
+        runtime = self._runtime
+        if not runtime or runtime.simulation_id != simulation_id:
+            return
+
+        runtime.status = "stopping"
+        if runtime.task:
+            runtime.task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await runtime.task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+
+        await self._device.disconnect()
+        ended_at = utc_now()
+
+        async with self._session_factory() as session:
+            sim = await session.get(Simulation, simulation_id)
+            if sim:
+                sim.status = "stopped"
+                sim.ended_at = ended_at
+                await session.commit()
+
+        await self._broadcaster.broadcast_json(
+            {"type": "simulation.status", "ts": ended_at.timestamp(), "simulation_id": simulation_id, "payload": {"status": "stopped"}}
+        )
+        self._runtime = None
+
+    async def _run_loop(self, simulation_id: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            while True:
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+                if not await self._device.is_connected():
+                    continue
+
+                self._seq += 1
+                ts = utc_now()
+                payload = self._device.sample().to_dict()
+                message = {
+                    "type": "vehicle.signal",
+                    "ts": ts.timestamp(),
+                    "simulation_id": simulation_id,
+                    "device_id": self._device.device_id,
+                    "seq": self._seq,
+                    "payload": payload,
+                }
+                await self._broadcaster.broadcast_json(message)
+                await self._persist_signal(ts, simulation_id, self._device.device_id, self._seq, payload)
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            raise
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("simulation loop crashed")
+
+    async def _persist_signal(self, ts, simulation_id: str, device_id: str, seq: int, signals: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        async with self._session_factory() as session:
+            await session.execute(
+                insert(vehicle_signals).values(
+                    ts=ts,
+                    simulation_id=simulation_id,
+                    device_id=device_id,
+                    seq=seq,
+                    signals=signals,
+                )
+            )
+            await session.commit()
--- a/backend/smartedt_backend.spec
+++ b/backend/smartedt_backend.spec
@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_all
+
+datas = [
+    ('config/config.ini', 'backend/config')
+]
+binaries = []
+hiddenimports = [
+    'uvicorn.logging',
+    'uvicorn.loops',
+    'uvicorn.loops.auto',
+    'uvicorn.protocols',
+    'uvicorn.protocols.http',
+    'uvicorn.protocols.http.auto',
+    'uvicorn.protocols.websockets',
+    'uvicorn.protocols.websockets.auto',
+    'uvicorn.lifespan',
+    'uvicorn.lifespan.on',
+    'backend.api',
+    'backend.api.routes',
+    'backend.api.schemas',
+    'backend.api.ws',
+    'backend.config',
+    'backend.config.settings',
+    'backend.database',
+    'backend.database.engine',
+    'backend.database.schema',
+    'backend.device',
+    'backend.device.base',
+    'backend.device.mock_vehicle',
+    'backend.services',
+    'backend.services.broadcaster',
+    'backend.services.server_monitor',
+    'backend.services.simulation_manager',
+    'backend.utils',
+    'psycopg',
+    'psycopg_binary',
+    'sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio',
+    'sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql',
+    'asyncpg', # Just in case, though we use psycopg
+]
+
+tmp_ret = collect_all('uvicorn')
+datas += tmp_ret[0]; binaries += tmp_ret[1]; hiddenimports += tmp_ret[2]
+
+tmp_ret = collect_all('psycopg')
+datas += tmp_ret[0]; binaries += tmp_ret[1]; hiddenimports += tmp_ret[2]
+
+block_cipher = None
+
+a = Analysis(
+    ['main.py'],
+    pathex=[],
+    binaries=binaries,
+    datas=datas,
+    hiddenimports=hiddenimports,
+    hookspath=[],
+    hooksconfig={},
+    runtime_hooks=[],
+    excludes=[],
+    win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
+    win_private_assemblies=False,
+    cipher=block_cipher,
+    noarchive=False,
+)
+pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, cipher=block_cipher)
+
+exe = EXE(
+    pyz,
+    a.scripts,
+    [],
+    exclude_binaries=True,
+    name='smartedt_backend',
+    debug=False,
+    bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
+    strip=False,
+    upx=True,
+    console=True,
+    disable_windowed_traceback=False,
+    argv_emulation=False,
+    target_arch=None,
+    codesign_identity=None,
+    entitlements_file=None,
+)
+coll = COLLECT(
+    exe,
+    a.binaries,
+    a.zipfiles,
+    a.datas,
+    strip=False,
+    upx=True,
+    upx_exclude=[],
+    name='smartedt_backend',
+)
--- a/backend/utils.py
+++ b/backend/utils.py
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import os
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+def utc_now() -> datetime:
+    return datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+
+def configure_logging(level: str, log_file: Path | None = None) -> None:
+    level_value = getattr(logging, level.upper(), logging.INFO)
+    logging_handlers: list[logging.Handler] = [logging.StreamHandler()]
+    if log_file is not None:
+        log_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        rotating_handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(
+            log_file,
+            when="midnight",
+            interval=1,
+            backupCount=90,
+            encoding="utf-8",
+            delay=True,
+        )
+        rotating_handler.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d"
+        logging_handlers.append(rotating_handler)
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=level_value,
+        format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(name)s %(message)s",
+        handlers=logging_handlers,
+        force=True,
+    )
+    for logger_name in ("uvicorn", "uvicorn.error", "uvicorn.access", "uvicorn.asgi"):
+        logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
+        logger.handlers = []
+        logger.propagate = True
+
+
+def project_root() -> Path:
+    return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+
+def safe_join(root: Path, untrusted_path: str) -> Path:
+    if untrusted_path.startswith(("\\\\", "//")):
+        raise ValueError("UNC path is not allowed")
+    if os.path.isabs(untrusted_path):
+        raise ValueError("Absolute path is not allowed")
+    candidate = (root / untrusted_path).resolve()
+    root_resolved = root.resolve()
+    if root_resolved not in candidate.parents and candidate != root_resolved:
+        raise ValueError("Path traversal detected")
+    return candidate
--- a/frontend/build_frontend.ps1
+++ b/frontend/build_frontend.ps1
@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Ensure we are in the frontend directory
+$ScriptDir = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
+Set-Location $ScriptDir
+
+# $ProjectRoot = Split-Path -Parent $ScriptDir
+# $BackendBuildScript = Join-Path $ProjectRoot "backend\build_backend.ps1"
+
+# Write-Host "Starting Full Build Process..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
+
+# # 1. Build Backend
+# Write-Host "Invoking Backend Build..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
+# & $BackendBuildScript
+# if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+#     Write-Error "Backend build failed. Aborting."
+#     exit 1
+# }
+
+# 2. Build Frontend (Electron)
+Write-Host "`nBuilding Frontend (Electron)..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
+
+# Ensure we are back in frontend directory (Backend script changes location)
+Set-Location $ScriptDir
+
+try {
+    Get-Process -Name "SmartEDT" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Stop-Process -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+} catch {}
+
+# Clean release directory to prevent file lock issues
+if (Test-Path "release") {
+    Write-Host "Cleaning release directory..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
+    
+    # Try multiple times to remove the directory
+    $maxRetries = 3
+    $retryCount = 0
+    while ($retryCount -lt $maxRetries) {
+        try {
+            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "release" -ErrorAction Stop
+            break
+        } catch {
+            Write-Host "Failed to clean release directory. Retrying in 2 seconds... ($($retryCount + 1)/$maxRetries)" -ForegroundColor Yellow
+            Start-Sleep -Seconds 2
+            try {
+                Get-Process -Name "SmartEDT" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Stop-Process -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+            } catch {}
+            $retryCount++
+        }
+    }
+    
+    if (Test-Path "release") {
+        Write-Warning "Could not fully clean release directory. Attempting to proceed..."
+    } else {
+        # Wait a bit to ensure filesystem is ready
+        Start-Sleep -Seconds 1
+    }
+}
+
+npm run dist
+
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
+    Write-Host "`nFull build successful!" -ForegroundColor Green
+    Write-Host "Installer located at: $(Join-Path $ScriptDir 'release\SmartEDT Setup 0.1.0.exe')" -ForegroundColor Green
+} else {
+    Write-Error "`nFrontend build failed!"
+    exit 1
+}
--- a/frontend/index.html
+++ b/frontend/index.html
@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="zh-CN">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+    <title>SmartEDT</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="app"></div>
+    <script type="module" src="/src/main.js"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
--- a/frontend/main/main.cjs
+++ b/frontend/main/main.cjs
@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+const { app, BrowserWindow, screen, Menu } = require("electron");
+const { spawn } = require("child_process");
+const path = require("path");
+const fs = require("fs");
+const os = require("os");
+const http = require("http");
+
+// 简单的日志记录函数
+function log(message) {
+  const logPath = path.join(app.getPath("userData"), "smartedt.log");
+  const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+  const logMessage = `[${timestamp}] ${message}\n`;
+  try {
+    fs.appendFileSync(logPath, logMessage);
+  } catch (e) {
+    console.error("Failed to write log:", e);
+  }
+}
+
+let backendProcess = null;
+let staticServer = null;
+let backendLogStream = null;
+
+function resolveRepoRoot() {
+  return path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "..");
+}
+
+function getPythonPath(repoRoot) {
+  if (process.env.SMARTEDT_PYTHON) {
+    return process.env.SMARTEDT_PYTHON;
+  }
+  // Check for venv in backend (Windows)
+  const venvPythonWin = path.join(repoRoot, "backend", "venv", "Scripts", "python.exe");
+  if (fs.existsSync(venvPythonWin)) {
+    return venvPythonWin;
+  }
+  // Check for venv in backend (Linux/Mac)
+  const venvPythonUnix = path.join(repoRoot, "backend", "venv", "bin", "python");
+  if (fs.existsSync(venvPythonUnix)) {
+    return venvPythonUnix;
+  }
+  // Fallback to system python
+  return "python";
+}
+
+function startBackend() {
+  log("Starting backend process...");
+  if (backendLogStream) {
+    try {
+      backendLogStream.end();
+    } catch (_) {}
+    backendLogStream = null;
+  }
+
+  const repoRoot = resolveRepoRoot();
+  let backendCmd;
+  let args;
+  let cwd;
+
+  const safeTimestamp = new Date().toISOString().replace(/[:.]/g, "-");
+  const backendLogPath = path.join(app.getPath("userData"), `backend-${safeTimestamp}.log`);
+  try {
+    backendLogStream = fs.createWriteStream(backendLogPath, { flags: "a" });
+    backendLogStream.write(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] Backend log start\n`);
+    log(`Backend log file: ${backendLogPath}`);
+  } catch (e) {
+    backendLogStream = null;
+    log(`Failed to open backend log file: ${e.message}`);
+  }
+
+  if (app.isPackaged) {
+    // In production, the backend is in resources/backend
+    const backendDir = path.join(process.resourcesPath, "backend");
+    backendCmd = path.join(backendDir, "smartedt_backend.exe");
+    args = ["--host", "127.0.0.1", "--port", "5000"];
+    cwd = backendDir;
+    log(`Production mode. Backend cmd: ${backendCmd}`);
+    log(`Backend cwd: ${cwd}`);
+  } else {
+    // In development
+    const backendMain = path.join(repoRoot, "backend", "main.py");
+    backendCmd = getPythonPath(repoRoot);
+    args = [backendMain, "--host", "127.0.0.1", "--port", "5000"];
+    cwd = repoRoot;
+    log(`Development mode. Backend cmd: ${backendCmd}`);
+  }
+
+  // 设置 PYTHONPATH 环境变量，确保能找到 backend 模块 (only for dev)
+  const env = { ...process.env };
+  if (!app.isPackaged) {
+    env.PYTHONPATH = repoRoot;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    if (!fs.existsSync(backendCmd) && app.isPackaged) {
+      log(`ERROR: Backend executable not found at ${backendCmd}`);
+    }
+
+    backendProcess = spawn(backendCmd, args, {
+      cwd: cwd,
+      env: env,
+      stdio: "pipe", // Capture stdio
+      windowsHide: true
+    });
+
+    backendProcess.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
+      const text = data.toString();
+      log(`[Backend stdout] ${text.trim()}`);
+      if (backendLogStream) {
+        backendLogStream.write(text.endsWith("\n") ? text : `${text}\n`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    backendProcess.stderr.on("data", (data) => {
+      const text = data.toString();
+      log(`[Backend stderr] ${text.trim()}`);
+      if (backendLogStream) {
+        backendLogStream.write(text.endsWith("\n") ? text : `${text}\n`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    backendProcess.on("error", (err) => {
+      log(`Backend failed to start: ${err.message}`);
+      if (backendLogStream) {
+        backendLogStream.write(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] Backend failed to start: ${err.message}\n`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    backendProcess.on("exit", (code) => {
+      log(`Backend exited with code ${code}`);
+      backendProcess = null;
+      if (backendLogStream) {
+        backendLogStream.write(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] Backend exited with code ${code}\n`);
+        try {
+          backendLogStream.end();
+        } catch (_) {}
+        backendLogStream = null;
+      }
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    log(`Exception starting backend: ${e.message}`);
+    if (backendLogStream) {
+      backendLogStream.write(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] Exception starting backend: ${e.message}\n`);
+      try {
+        backendLogStream.end();
+      } catch (_) {}
+      backendLogStream = null;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function getMimeType(filePath) {
+  const ext = path.extname(filePath).toLowerCase();
+  const mimeTypes = {
+    '.html': 'text/html',
+    '.js': 'text/javascript',
+    '.css': 'text/css',
+    '.json': 'application/json',
+    '.png': 'image/png',
+    '.jpg': 'image/jpg',
+    '.gif': 'image/gif',
+    '.svg': 'image/svg+xml',
+    '.ico': 'image/x-icon',
+    '.woff': 'application/font-woff',
+    '.woff2': 'font/woff2',
+    '.ttf': 'application/font-ttf'
+  };
+  return mimeTypes[ext] || 'application/octet-stream';
+}
+
+function startLocalServer(callback) {
+  const distPath = path.join(__dirname, "..", "dist");
+  log(`Starting local static server serving: ${distPath}`);
+
+  staticServer = http.createServer((req, res) => {
+    try {
+      const url = new URL(req.url, `http://localhost`);
+      let filePath = path.join(distPath, url.pathname);
+      
+      // Security check
+      if (!filePath.startsWith(distPath)) {
+        res.statusCode = 403;
+        res.end('Forbidden');
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Default to index.html for directories
+      if (fs.existsSync(filePath) && fs.statSync(filePath).isDirectory()) {
+        filePath = path.join(filePath, 'index.html');
+      }
+
+      // SPA Fallback: if file not found and no extension, serve index.html
+      if (!fs.existsSync(filePath)) {
+        if (path.extname(filePath) === '') {
+          filePath = path.join(distPath, 'index.html');
+        } else {
+          res.statusCode = 404;
+          res.end('Not Found');
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      const data = fs.readFileSync(filePath);
+      const mimeType = getMimeType(filePath);
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', mimeType);
+      res.end(data);
+    } catch (err) {
+      log(`Server error: ${err.message}`);
+      res.statusCode = 500;
+      res.end(`Internal Server Error`);
+    }
+  });
+
+  // Listen on a random available port
+  staticServer.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', () => {
+    const port = staticServer.address().port;
+    const url = `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`;
+    log(`Local static server running at ${url}`);
+    callback(url);
+  });
+
+  staticServer.on('error', (err) => {
+    log(`Static server error: ${err.message}`);
+  });
+}
+
+function createWindowForDisplay(display, routePath, baseUrl) {
+  const bounds = display.bounds;
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    x: bounds.x,
+    y: bounds.y,
+    width: bounds.width,
+    height: bounds.height,
+    autoHideMenuBar: true,
+    webPreferences: {
+      contextIsolation: true
+    }
+  });
+
+  win.setMenuBarVisibility(false);
+  if (process.platform !== "darwin") {
+    win.removeMenu();
+  }
+
+  // Combine baseUrl with route hash
+  // e.g. http://127.0.0.1:5173/#/control/config
+  // or   http://127.0.0.1:xxxxx/#/control/config
+  const fullUrl = `${baseUrl}/#${routePath}`;
+  
+  log(`Loading window URL: ${fullUrl}`);
+  win.loadURL(fullUrl).catch(e => {
+    log(`Failed to load URL ${fullUrl}: ${e.message}`);
+  });
+  
+  return win;
+}
+
+function createWindows(baseUrl) {
+  log(`Creating windows with base URL: ${baseUrl}`);
+  const displays = screen.getAllDisplays();
+  const primary = screen.getPrimaryDisplay();
+  const others = displays.filter((d) => d.id !== primary.id);
+
+  createWindowForDisplay(primary, "/control/config", baseUrl);
+
+  if (others[0]) {
+    createWindowForDisplay(others[0], "/big/dashboard", baseUrl);
+  }
+  if (others[1]) {
+    createWindowForDisplay(others[1], "/car/sim", baseUrl);
+  }
+}
+
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  log("App ready");
+  if (process.platform !== "darwin") {
+    Menu.setApplicationMenu(null);
+  }
+  startBackend();
+  
+  if (app.isPackaged) {
+    // Production: Start local static server
+    startLocalServer((serverUrl) => {
+       createWindows(serverUrl);
+    });
+  } else {
+    // Development: Use Vite dev server
+    const devServerUrl = process.env.VITE_DEV_SERVER_URL || "http://127.0.0.1:5173";
+    createWindows(devServerUrl);
+  }
+});
+
+app.on("before-quit", () => {
+  if (backendProcess) {
+    backendProcess.kill();
+    backendProcess = null;
+  }
+  if (backendLogStream) {
+    try {
+      backendLogStream.end();
+    } catch (_) {}
+    backendLogStream = null;
+  }
+  if (staticServer) {
+    staticServer.close();
+    staticServer = null;
+  }
+});
--- a/frontend/package-lock.json
+++ b/frontend/package-lock.json
--- a/frontend/package.json
+++ b/frontend/package.json
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+{
+  "name": "smartedt-frontend",
+  "private": true,
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "type": "module",
+  "main": "main/main.cjs",
+  "scripts": {
+    "dev": "concurrently -k \"vite\" \"wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5173 && cross-env ELECTRON_OVERRIDE_DIST_PATH=d:\\electron-v39.2.7-win32-x64 electron .\"",
+    "build": "vite build",
+    "preview": "vite preview",
+    "pack": "npm run build && electron-builder --dir",
+    "dist": "npm run build && electron-builder"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "pinia": "^3.0.4",
+    "uplot": "^1.6.32",
+    "vue": "^3.5.0",
+    "vue-router": "^4.4.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "^5.1.0",
+    "concurrently": "^9.0.0",
+    "cross-env": "^10.1.0",
+    "electron": "^27.3.11",
+    "electron-builder": "^24.13.3",
+    "electron-packager": "^17.1.2",
+    "vite": "^5.4.0",
+    "wait-on": "^7.2.0"
+  },
+  "build": {
+    "appId": "com.smartedt.app",
+    "productName": "SmartEDT",
+    "directories": {
+      "output": "release"
+    },
+    "win": {
+      "target": [
+        "nsis"
+      ]
+    },
+    "nsis": {
+      "oneClick": false,
+      "allowToChangeInstallationDirectory": true
+    },
+    "files": [
+      "dist/**",
+      "main/**",
+      "package.json"
+    ],
+    "extraResources": [
+      {
+        "from": "../backend/dist/smartedt_backend",
+        "to": "backend",
+        "filter": [
+          "**/*"
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
--- a/frontend/query
+++ b/frontend/query
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+postgresql-x64-17
--- a/frontend/src/App.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/App.vue
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="app">
+    <nav class="nav-bar">
+      <div class="brand">SmartEDT</div>
+      <div class="links">
+        <router-link to="/control/config">配置</router-link>
+        <router-link to="/control/operate">控制</router-link>
+        <router-link to="/control/query">查询</router-link>
+        <router-link to="/control/analysis">分析</router-link>
+        <router-link to="/control/admin">管理</router-link>
+        <router-link to="/control/server-monitor">服务器监控</router-link>
+      </div>
+    </nav>
+    <router-view class="content" />
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { onMounted } from "vue";
+import { useSimulationStore } from "./stores/simulation";
+
+const store = useSimulationStore();
+
+onMounted(() => {
+  store.connect();
+});
+</script>
+
+<style>
+html,
+body,
+#app {
+  height: 100%;
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.app {
+  height: 100%;
+  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+}
+
+.nav-bar {
+  background: #001529;
+  color: #fff;
+  padding: 0 24px;
+  height: 64px;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 40px;
+}
+
+.brand {
+  font-size: 20px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+.links {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 20px;
+}
+
+.links a {
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
+  text-decoration: none;
+  font-size: 16px;
+  transition: color 0.3s;
+}
+
+.links a:hover,
+.links a.router-link-active {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+.content {
+  flex: 1;
+  overflow: auto;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/lib/api.js
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/api.js
@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+export const API_BASE = "http://127.0.0.1:5000";
+
+export async function getHealth() {
+  const res = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/health`);
+  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`health failed: ${res.status}`);
+  return res.json();
+}
+
+export async function startSimulation(payload) {
+  const res = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/api/simulation/start`, {
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+    body: JSON.stringify(payload || {})
+  });
+  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`start failed: ${res.status}`);
+  return res.json();
+}
+
+export async function stopSimulation(simulationId) {
+  const res = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/api/simulation/${encodeURIComponent(simulationId)}/stop`, {
+    method: "POST"
+  });
+  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`stop failed: ${res.status}`);
+  return res.json();
+}
+
--- a/frontend/src/lib/ws.js
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/ws.js
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+export function connectWs(onMessage) {
+  const ws = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:5000/ws");
+  ws.onmessage = (evt) => {
+    try {
+      onMessage(JSON.parse(evt.data));
+    } catch {
+      onMessage({ type: "raw", payload: evt.data });
+    }
+  };
+  ws.onopen = () => {
+    ws.send("hello");
+  };
+  return ws;
+}
+
--- a/frontend/src/main.js
+++ b/frontend/src/main.js
@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { createApp } from "vue";
+import { createPinia } from "pinia";
+import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from "vue-router";
+import App from "./App.vue";
+import BigDashboard from "./pages/BigDashboard.vue";
+import BigSystemIntro from "./pages/BigSystemIntro.vue";
+import BigSimMonitor from "./pages/BigSimMonitor.vue";
+import CarSim from "./pages/CarSim.vue";
+import ControlConfig from "./pages/ControlConfig.vue";
+import ControlOperate from "./pages/ControlOperate.vue";
+import ControlQuery from "./pages/ControlQuery.vue";
+import ControlAnalysis from "./pages/ControlAnalysis.vue";
+import ControlAdmin from "./pages/ControlAdmin.vue";
+import ServerMonitor from "./pages/ServerMonitor.vue";
+
+const router = createRouter({
+  history: createWebHashHistory(),
+  routes: [
+    { path: "/", redirect: "/control/config" },
+    { path: "/big/system-intro", component: BigSystemIntro },
+    { path: "/big/dashboard", component: BigDashboard },
+    { path: "/big/sim-monitor", component: BigSimMonitor },
+    { path: "/car/sim", component: CarSim },
+    { path: "/control/config", component: ControlConfig },
+    { path: "/control/operate", component: ControlOperate },
+    { path: "/control/query", component: ControlQuery },
+    { path: "/control/analysis", component: ControlAnalysis },
+    { path: "/control/admin", component: ControlAdmin },
+    { path: "/control/server-monitor", component: ServerMonitor }
+  ]
+});
+
+const pinia = createPinia();
+createApp(App).use(router).use(pinia).mount("#app");
+
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/BigDashboard.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/BigDashboard.vue
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>数据看板</h1>
+    <div class="row">
+      <div class="card">
+        <div class="label">仿真记录</div>
+        <div class="value">{{ simulationId || "-" }}</div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="card">
+        <div class="label">车速</div>
+        <div class="value">{{ latest.vehicle_speed_kmh ?? "-" }}</div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="card">
+        <div class="label">SOC(%)</div>
+        <div class="value">{{ latest.soc_percent ?? "-" }}</div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { computed } from "vue";
+import { useSimulationStore } from "../stores/simulation";
+
+const store = useSimulationStore();
+const simulationId = computed(() => store.simulationId);
+const latest = computed(() => store.latestSignal);
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+.row {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
+  gap: 16px;
+}
+.card {
+  border: 1px solid #ddd;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  padding: 16px;
+}
+.label {
+  color: #666;
+  font-size: 12px;
+}
+.value {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  font-size: 28px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/BigSimMonitor.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/BigSimMonitor.vue
@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>仿真监控</h1>
+    <div class="grid">
+      <div class="card">
+        <div class="label">档位</div>
+        <div class="value">{{ latest.gear ?? "-" }}</div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="card">
+        <div class="label">手刹</div>
+        <div class="value">{{ latest.handbrake ?? "-" }}</div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="card">
+        <div class="label">方向盘角度</div>
+        <div class="value">{{ latest.steering_wheel_angle_deg ?? "-" }}</div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { computed } from "vue";
+import { useSimulationStore } from "../stores/simulation";
+
+const store = useSimulationStore();
+const latest = computed(() => store.latestSignal);
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+.grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
+  gap: 16px;
+}
+.card {
+  border: 1px solid #ddd;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  padding: 16px;
+}
+.label {
+  color: #666;
+  font-size: 12px;
+}
+.value {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  font-size: 28px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/BigSystemIntro.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/BigSystemIntro.vue
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>系统介绍</h1>
+    <p>高精度数据采集、实时同步控制、三维虚拟仿真、算法验证与运维管理。</p>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/CarSim.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/CarSim.vue
@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>车载屏</h1>
+    <div class="status">
+      <div>天气：{{ weather }}</div>
+      <div>时段：{{ timePeriod }}</div>
+      <div>状态：{{ simStatus }}</div>
+      <div>车速：{{ latest.vehicle_speed_kmh ?? "-" }} km/h</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { ref, computed } from "vue";
+import { useSimulationStore } from "../stores/simulation";
+
+const store = useSimulationStore();
+
+const weather = ref("晴");
+const timePeriod = ref("正午");
+const simStatus = computed(() => store.simulationStatus === "running" ? "仿真中" : "结束");
+const latest = computed(() => store.latestSignal);
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+.status {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
+  gap: 12px;
+  font-size: 20px;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/ControlAdmin.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/ControlAdmin.vue
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>控制屏 - 管理</h1>
+    <p>用于用户/角色与权限配置（后续扩展）。</p>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/ControlAnalysis.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/ControlAnalysis.vue
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>控制屏 - 数据分析</h1>
+    <p>用于车辆数据分析、故障模拟诊断与 CAN 数据解析（后续扩展）。</p>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/ControlConfig.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/ControlConfig.vue
@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>控制屏 - 场景配置</h1>
+    <div class="form">
+      <label>
+        场景
+        <select v-model="scenario">
+          <option value="city">城市道路</option>
+          <option value="highway">高速公路</option>
+          <option value="mountain">山区道路</option>
+          <option value="village">乡村道路</option>
+          <option value="campus">校园道路</option>
+        </select>
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        气象
+        <select v-model="weather">
+          <option value="sunny">晴</option>
+          <option value="rain">雨</option>
+          <option value="snow">雪</option>
+          <option value="fog">雾</option>
+        </select>
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        时段
+        <select v-model="timePeriod">
+          <option value="dawn">黎明</option>
+          <option value="noon">正午</option>
+          <option value="dusk">黄昏</option>
+          <option value="night">夜间</option>
+        </select>
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        最高限速(km/h)
+        <input v-model.number="maxSpeed" type="number" min="0" max="300" />
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        仿真时长(min)
+        <input v-model.number="durationMinutes" type="number" min="1" max="360" />
+      </label>
+    </div>
+    <div class="actions">
+      <router-link to="/control/operate">进入仿真控制</router-link>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { ref } from "vue";
+
+const scenario = ref("city");
+const weather = ref("sunny");
+const timePeriod = ref("noon");
+const maxSpeed = ref(140);
+const durationMinutes = ref(10);
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+.form {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
+  gap: 12px;
+  max-width: 900px;
+}
+label {
+  display: grid;
+  gap: 6px;
+}
+.actions {
+  margin-top: 16px;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/ControlOperate.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/ControlOperate.vue
@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>控制屏 - 仿真控制</h1>
+    <div class="row">
+      <button :disabled="running" @click="onStart">开始仿真</button>
+      <button :disabled="!running" @click="onStop">结束仿真</button>
+      <div class="meta">当前仿真记录：{{ simulationId || "-" }}</div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="row">
+      <router-link to="/big/dashboard">打开显示大屏 - 数据看板</router-link>
+      <router-link to="/big/sim-monitor">打开显示大屏 - 仿真监控</router-link>
+      <router-link to="/car/sim">打开车载屏</router-link>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { computed } from "vue";
+import { startSimulation, stopSimulation } from "../lib/api";
+import { useSimulationStore } from "../stores/simulation";
+
+const store = useSimulationStore();
+const running = computed(() => store.simulationStatus === "running");
+const simulationId = computed(() => store.simulationId);
+
+async function onStart() {
+  await startSimulation({ scenario: "city", weather: "sunny", time_period: "noon" });
+}
+
+async function onStop() {
+  if (!simulationId.value) return;
+  await stopSimulation(simulationId.value);
+}
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+.row {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 12px;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin: 12px 0;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+.meta {
+  color: #333;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/ControlQuery.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/ControlQuery.vue
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="page">
+    <h1>控制屏 - 数据查询</h1>
+    <p>用于查询仿真记录、系统日志与回放数据。</p>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page {
+  padding: 24px;
+}
+</style>
+
--- a/frontend/src/pages/ServerMonitor.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/ServerMonitor.vue
@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="monitor-page">
+    <h1>服务器性能监控</h1>
+    <div class="meta">
+      <span>主机名: {{ hostname }}</span>
+      <span>状态: {{ connected ? '🟢 已连接' : '🔴 断开' }}</span>
+      <span>采样率: 50Hz (显示 10Hz)</span>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="charts-container">
+      <div class="chart-box">
+        <h3>CPU 使用率 (%)</h3>
+        <div ref="cpuChartRef" class="chart"></div>
+        <div class="value-overlay">{{ currentCpu }}%</div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="chart-box">
+        <h3>内存使用率 (%)</h3>
+        <div ref="memChartRef" class="chart"></div>
+        <div class="value-overlay">{{ currentMem }}%</div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { ref, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount, watch } from "vue";
+import uPlot from "uplot";
+import "uplot/dist/uPlot.min.css";
+import { useSimulationStore } from "../stores/simulation";
+
+const store = useSimulationStore();
+const hostname = ref("-");
+const connected = ref(false);
+const currentCpu = ref(0);
+const currentMem = ref(0);
+
+const cpuChartRef = ref(null);
+const memChartRef = ref(null);
+
+let cpuChart = null;
+let memChart = null;
+
+// uPlot 配置
+const NOW = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
+const TIME_WINDOW = 60; // 显示最近 60 秒
+
+// 数据 buffer: [time[], value[]]
+const cpuData = [[], []];
+const memData = [[], []];
+
+function createOpts(title, color, min, max, width = 600) {
+  return {
+    title: title,
+    width: width,
+    height: 300,
+    series: [
+      {},
+      {
+        stroke: color,
+        width: 2,
+        fill: color + "1A", // 10% opacity
+      },
+    ],
+    scales: {
+      x: {
+        time: true,
+      },
+      y: {
+        range: [min, max],
+      },
+    },
+    axes: [
+      {
+        space: 40, 
+      },
+      {
+        show: true,
+        font: "12px Arial",
+      }
+    ],
+  };
+}
+
+onMounted(() => {
+  // 初始化图表
+  // 初始宽度设为 100，稍后由 ResizeObserver 调整
+  cpuChart = new uPlot(createOpts("", "red", 0, 100, 100), cpuData, cpuChartRef.value);
+  memChart = new uPlot(createOpts("", "blue", 0, 100, 100), memData, memChartRef.value);
+
+  // 响应式调整图表宽度
+  const resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver((entries) => {
+    for (const entry of entries) {
+      const width = entry.contentRect.width;
+      if (entry.target === cpuChartRef.value) {
+        cpuChart.setSize({ width, height: 300 });
+      } else if (entry.target === memChartRef.value) {
+        memChart.setSize({ width, height: 300 });
+      }
+    }
+  });
+  
+  if (cpuChartRef.value) resizeObserver.observe(cpuChartRef.value);
+  if (memChartRef.value) resizeObserver.observe(memChartRef.value);
+
+  // 监听 store 中的 serverMetrics
+  watch(
+    () => store.serverMetrics,
+    (metrics) => {
+      if (!metrics) return;
+      
+      hostname.value = metrics.host_name;
+      connected.value = true;
+      currentCpu.value = metrics.cpu_usage_percent.total;
+      currentMem.value = metrics.memory_usage_bytes.percent;
+
+      const now = Date.now() / 1000;
+      
+      // 更新 CPU 数据
+      cpuData[0].push(now);
+      cpuData[1].push(currentCpu.value);
+      
+      // 更新 Mem 数据
+      memData[0].push(now);
+      memData[1].push(currentMem.value);
+
+      // 保持时间窗口
+      while (cpuData[0].length > 0 && cpuData[0][0] < now - TIME_WINDOW) {
+        cpuData[0].shift();
+        cpuData[1].shift();
+        memData[0].shift();
+        memData[1].shift();
+      }
+
+      cpuChart.setData(cpuData);
+      memChart.setData(memData);
+    },
+    { deep: true }
+  );
+  
+  // 确保 WS 连接
+  store.connect();
+});
+
+onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+  if (cpuChart) cpuChart.destroy();
+  if (memChart) memChart.destroy();
+});
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.monitor-page {
+  padding: 5px;
+}
+.meta {
+  margin-bottom: 10px;
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 10px;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  color: #666;
+}
+.charts-container {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 24px;
+}
+.chart-box {
+  background: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #ddd;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  padding: 16px;
+  position: relative;
+  /* 100% 宽度，使其上下排列 */
+  width: 100%;
+  /* 确保不会缩得太小 */
+  min-width: 400px; 
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+.chart-box h3 {
+  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
+  font-size: 16px;
+  color: #333;
+}
+.value-overlay {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 16px;
+  right: 16px;
+  font-size: 24px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  color: #333;
+}
+</style>
--- a/frontend/src/stores/simulation.js
+++ b/frontend/src/stores/simulation.js
@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import { defineStore } from "pinia";
+import { ref, reactive } from "vue";
+
+export const useSimulationStore = defineStore("simulation", () => {
+  const ws = ref(null);
+  const connected = ref(false);
+  const simulationId = ref("");
+  const simulationStatus = ref("stopped");
+  const latestSignal = reactive({});
+  const serverMetrics = ref(null); // 新增服务器监控状态
+
+  function connect() {
+    if (ws.value) return;
+
+    ws.value = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:5000/ws");
+    
+    ws.value.onopen = () => {
+      connected.value = true;
+      console.log("WS connected");
+    };
+
+    ws.value.onclose = () => {
+      connected.value = false;
+      ws.value = null;
+      console.log("WS disconnected");
+      // Simple reconnect logic could be added here
+      setTimeout(connect, 3000);
+    };
+
+    ws.value.onmessage = (evt) => {
+      try {
+        const msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);
+        handleMessage(msg);
+      } catch (e) {
+        console.error("WS parse error", e);
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  function handleMessage(msg) {
+    if (msg.type === "vehicle.signal") {
+      if (msg.simulation_id) {
+        simulationId.value = msg.simulation_id;
+      }
+      if (msg.payload) {
+        Object.assign(latestSignal, msg.payload);
+      }
+    } else if (msg.type === "simulation.status") {
+      if (msg.simulation_id) {
+        simulationId.value = msg.simulation_id;
+      }
+      if (msg.payload && msg.payload.status) {
+        simulationStatus.value = msg.payload.status;
+      }
+    } else if (msg.type === "server.metrics") {
+      serverMetrics.value = msg.payload;
+    }
+  }
+
+  function disconnect() {
+    if (ws.value) {
+      ws.value.close();
+      ws.value = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    connected,
+    simulationId,
+    simulationStatus,
+    latestSignal,
+    serverMetrics,
+    connect,
+    disconnect
+  };
+});
--- a/frontend/vite.config.js
+++ b/frontend/vite.config.js
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { defineConfig } from "vite";
+import vue from "@vitejs/plugin-vue";
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  base: "./",
+  plugins: [vue()],
+  server: {
+    host: "127.0.0.1",
+    port: 5173
+  },
+  build: {
+    outDir: "dist",
+    emptyOutDir: true
+  }
+});
+
--- a/unity3D/unity开发的代码
+++ b/unity3D/unity开发的代码
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+此目录放置unity开发的代码
+增了电池电量显示
--- a/智能电动车数字孪生系统功能规划2026.pdf
+++ b/智能电动车数字孪生系统功能规划2026.pdf
--- a/系统开发技术方案.md
+++ b/系统开发技术方案.md
@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+# 智能电动汽车数字孪生系统开发技术方案（V1）
+智能电动车数字孪生系统软件通过集成高精度数据采集、实时同步控制、三维虚拟仿真、智能算法验证与系统运维管理等功能，构建了一个覆盖教学、科研与产业应用的智能电动汽车虚实融合实验平台。它不仅能实现真实驾驶环境的沉浸式再现与数据级同步，还能为科研人员提供精准可追溯的数据支持、灵活的算法验证接口和可扩展的数据分析工具，充分满足智能电动汽车领域对实验真实性、可靠性与创新性的高标准要求，推动智能驾驶与数字孪生技术的深度融合与发展。
+本文基于《智能电动车数字孪生系统功能规划（2026）》的目标，给出一套可落地的软件开发技术方案。Unity 三维驾驶仿真作为独立工程（独立代码库与发布包），通过标准接口与本系统对接。
+
+
+## 1. 建设目标与原则
+
+### 1.1 建设目标
+- 实现多源设备数据采集、统一管理与实时可视化展示
+- 构建“实体车—数字孪生体”数据交互：状态同步、数据采集、事件回放
+- 支撑多场景驾驶仿真联动（Unity 独立运行），实现同屏/多屏展示与协同操作
+- 实现实验管理与记录：仿真记录创建、过程记录、视频录制、数据持久化、历史回放
+- 本地化部署与数据安全：本地存储、最小暴露接口、路径越界防护
+
+### 1.2 设计原则
+- 分层解耦：设备接入、业务编排、数据服务、可视化展示相互独立
+- 实时优先：以事件/流式数据驱动为核心（WebSocket + HTTP）
+- 可扩展：设备类型、消息类型、算法模块、Unity 场景可插拔扩展
+- 可运维：统一配置、日志、诊断接口、打包发布与自动启动链路
+
+## 2. 总体架构
+
+### 2.1 架构分解
+系统由三类可独立发布、独立升级的可执行程序组成：
+
+1) **后端数据与控制服务（Python EXE）**
+- 负责设备采集、数据处理、仿真记录管理、持久化、文件存储、对外 API
+- 对前端提供 HTTP REST + WebSocket（实时推送）
+- 对 Unity 提供联动接口（可选双向：状态推送/指令下发）
+
+2) **桌面端可视化应用（Electron + Vue EXE）**
+- 负责 UI 展示、实验流程操作、多屏组织、外部程序（后端/Unity）启动与守护
+- 作为“应用入口”，统一呈现与统一运维
+
+3) **车辆驾驶仿真（Unity EXE，外部项目）**
+- 负责 3D 场景、动力学/视觉化仿真、互动控制
+- 与后端通过约定协议交换数据（HTTP/WebSocket/本地端口均可）
+
+### 2.2 数据流与控制流
+- **采集流**：设备/传感器 → 设备接入层 → 统一事件总线 → 处理/校准 → 入库/落盘 → WebSocket 推送
+- **控制流**：前端操作 → REST 指令 → 业务编排 → 下发到设备/控制柜，或同步给 Unity
+- **回放流**：历史仿真记录 → 查询元数据（数据库）→ 拉取文件（静态映射）→ 前端播放/曲线回放，或驱动 Unity 回放
+
+### 2.3 系统两大部分划分
+系统整体可分为两大部分（对应团队分工与发布包边界）：
+
+1) **数据采集与处理（后端）**
+- 采集：方向盘/踏板/档位/手刹/车速轮速/灯光/电参/温度等
+- 处理：滤波、校准、融合、异常检测、指标计算
+- 管理：仿真记录、文件、数据库、权限（可选）
+- 服务：REST + WebSocket + 静态文件映射
+
+2) **界面显示与交互（Electron + Vue）**
+- 显示大屏：系统介绍、仿真监控、数据看板
+- 车载屏（驾驶员）：驾驶视角信息与仪表盘
+- 控制屏：场景配置、系统配置、用户/权限、数据查询、数据分析
+
+### 2.4 推荐工程目录结构（本仓库）
+建议把“后端服务”和“前端桌面端”放在同一仓库便于协同开发；Unity 工程保持外部独立仓库，仅提交接口文档与发布包获取方式。
+
+```
+SmartEDT/
+  backend/                 # Python：采集/处理/管理/API
+    device/                # 传感器设备接入与驱动（方向盘/踏板/灯光/电参等）
+    database/              # 数据存储（PostgreSQL/TimescaleDB）与数据访问层
+    config/                # 配置（ini/环境变量）与配置加载
+    main.py                # 后端入口（启动 API/WS、初始化各模块）
+    utils.py               # 通用工具（时间/路径/校验/日志等）
+  frontend/                # Electron + Vue：桌面端与多屏展示
+    src/                   # Vue 渲染进程（页面/组件/路由）
+    main/                  # Electron 主进程（多窗口、多屏、拉起后端/Unity）
+    (配置文件)             # package.json / vite.config.* / electron-builder 配置等
+  docs/                    # 方案、接口协议、运维文档
+  data/                    # 默认数据目录（开发态可用）
+  release/                 # 可选：打包产物临时输出目录（不提交版本库）
+```
+
+## 3. 技术选型与理由
+
+### 3.1 后端（Python）
+- **语言**：Python 3.13.1（配合硬件 SDK、算法生态与快速迭代）
+- **Web 框架**：FastAPI（异步友好、类型约束清晰、OpenAPI 自动生成）
+- **实时通讯**：WebSocket（FastAPI 原生或 Starlette WebSocket），用于状态/传感数据/事件推送
+- **进程内并发**：asyncio + 线程池/进程池（适配阻塞型硬件 SDK）
+- **持久化**：PostgreSQL18 + TimescaleDB（用于实时采集数据的时序存储）+ SQLAlchemy（ORM/迁移支持）
+- **文件存储**：本地文件系统（与数据库元数据关联）
+- **打包**：PyInstaller 打包为独立 EXE；开发环境使用 venv 隔离依赖
+
+
+### 3.2 前端（Electron + Vue）
+- **UI 框架**：Vue 3 + Vite（开发体验与生态成熟）
+- **桌面封装**：Electron（多窗口、多屏支持、可管理外部进程）
+- **本地通信**：HTTP + WebSocket 访问后端；可选 IPC（主进程与渲染进程）
+- **打包**：electron-builder 产出 Windows EXE 安装包/绿色包
+
+### 3.3 Unity（外部）
+- **三维仿真**：Unity（高效构建交互式驾驶场景与渲染）
+- **对接方式**：建议 WebSocket（低延迟实时同步）+ HTTP（配置、仿真记录、资源拉取）
+- **进程管理**：由 Electron 主进程统一拉起与关闭（可在指定显示器全屏）
+
+## 4. 后端模块设计（Python）
+
+### 4.1 模块划分
+- **配置中心（Config）**
+  - 统一读取 `config.ini`（就近优先原则：后端目录优先，其次项目根目录）
+  - 管理文件根目录、数据库路径、端口、日志等级等
+- **设备接入层（Adapters/Drivers）**
+  - 每类设备一个管理器：相机、IMU、压力/力传感、控制柜等
+  - 统一生命周期：init/connect/start/stop/disconnect
+  - 统一数据模型：采集原始数据 + 时间戳 + 设备元信息
+- **设备协调器（Coordinator）**
+  - 负责多设备协同启动/停止、状态聚合、异常重连策略
+  - 对上提供“仿真记录级操作”，对下调度各设备管理器
+- **数据处理层（Pipeline）**
+  - 校准/滤波/坐标变换/融合（按需求插拔）
+  - 统一输出“标准事件”，写入事件总线与持久化队列
+- **仿真实验管理（Simulation Experiment）**
+  - 流程：场景配置 → 仿真启动 → 仿真执行 → 仿真结束
+- **数据存储（Storage）**
+  - 元数据：PostgreSQL（仿真记录、设备、事件索引、文件索引）
+  - 实时采集数据：TimescaleDB Hypertable（高频写入、按时间范围查询与聚合）
+  - 典型能力：按时间分区、压缩、保留策略、连续聚合（按需要启用）
+  - 大文件：视频、原始采样、导出报告等存本地文件系统
+- **录制与归档（Recording/Archiving）**
+  - 仿真过程视频录制：显示大屏/车载屏/Unity 画面按需求录制（目标帧率 30fps）
+  - 录制任务与仿真记录绑定：开始/停止随仿真流程联动，支持异常中止与补偿关闭
+  - 文件索引入库：形成可回放、可导出的统一入口
+- **对外服务（API）**
+  - REST：健康检查、设备管理、仿真记录控制、数据查询、导出
+  - WebSocket：实时推送（状态、传感数据、告警、进度）
+- **静态文件映射（File Gateway）**
+  - 按配置的根目录对外只读映射
+  - 路径规范化、拒绝越界（拦截 `..`、绝对路径、UNC 路径）
+
+### 4.2 采集数据范围与精度（本期基线）
+本系统“采集与处理”侧的基线采集字段如下（用于实时显示、联动仿真与历史回放）；后续可按车型/传感器扩展。
+
+- **转向与踏板**
+  - 方向盘转角：左/右（单位建议：deg）
+  - 刹车踏板行程：mm
+  - 电门踏板行程：mm
+- **车辆状态**
+  - 挡位：P / N / D / S
+  - 手刹状态（手状态）：0 / 1
+  - 车速：单位建议 km/h
+  - 车轮转速：单位建议 rpm（按轮位可扩展为 FL/FR/RL/RR）
+- **灯光状态**
+  - 左转向灯 / 右转向灯
+  - 双闪
+  - 刹车灯
+- **电池与电参**
+  - 电池剩余电量：%
+  - 电压：测量误差 0.1V
+  - 电流：测量误差 0.1A
+  - 温度：测量误差 0.5℃
+
+采集来源建议按两类接入：
+- **传感器/控制柜直采**：方向盘、踏板、档位、手刹、车速/轮速、电参等（串口/CAN/以太网，取决于硬件）
+- **视觉识别采集（可选）**：当部分状态仅存在于仪表或屏幕显示时，用相机 + 识别推断（需标注数据与容错策略）
+
+
+### 4.3 API 设计建议（摘要）
+- `GET /health`：健康检查（版本、时间、依赖状态）
+- `GET /api/devices`：设备列表与状态
+- `POST /api/simulation/start`：创建并启动一次三维仿真记录（返回 simulation_id）
+- `POST /api/simulation/{simulation_id}/stop`：结束一次三维仿真并落盘
+- `GET /api/simulation/{simulation_id}`：三维仿真记录元数据
+- `GET /api/simulation/{simulation_id}/events`：事件/曲线数据查询（分页/时间窗）
+- `GET /files/<path>`：静态文件访问映射（对标 README 的安全校验策略）
+- `WS /ws`：统一实时通道（按 topic/room 订阅）
+
+### 4.4 实时消息模型（建议）
+采用统一 JSON Envelope，便于前端与 Unity 复用：
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "vehicle.signal",
+  "ts": 1737000000.123,
+  "simulation_id": "SIM202601160001",
+  "device_id": "controlbox_01",
+  "seq": 1024,
+  "payload": {
+    "steering_wheel_angle_deg": 12.3,
+    "brake_pedal_travel_mm": 5.2,
+    "throttle_pedal_travel_mm": 18.0,
+    "gear": "D",
+    "handbrake": 0,
+    "vehicle_speed_kmh": 36.5,
+    "wheel_speed_rpm": { "FL": 320, "FR": 319, "RL": 318, "RR": 318 },
+    "lights": { "left_turn": 0, "right_turn": 1, "hazard": 0, "brake": 0 },
+    "soc_percent": 78.2,
+    "voltage_v": 356.4,
+    "current_a": 12.7,
+    "temperature_c": 28.5
+  }
+}
+```
+
+建议补充字段：
+- `source`：device/backend/unity
+- `quality`：丢包/校准状态/信噪比等
+- `schema_version`：前后端与 Unity 协同升级
+
+### 4.5 目录与文件存储规范（建议）
+与 README 的建议一致，采用“根目录 + 仿真记录分层”的稳定结构：
+
+```
+<root>/
+  <subject_id>/
+    <simulation_id>/
+      meta.json
+      video/
+      signals/
+      exports/
+```
+
+文件根目录通过 `[FILEPATH].path` 配置；当配置为相对路径时，开发环境相对后端工作目录，打包环境相对后端 EXE 同级目录（对标 README 的路径策略）。
+
+存储类型建议（与规划大纲一致）：
+- 传感器原始数据：生成数据文件（如 `signals/raw_*.dat`），按时间段或按设备分文件落盘
+- 传感器/识别后的结构化数据：实时写入 PostgreSQL/TimescaleDB（用于查询、统计、回放曲线）
+- 仿真记录视频：按窗口/视角分别落入 `video/`，并在数据库中建立索引与标签（视角、分辨率、帧率等）
+
+### 4.6 TimescaleDB 时序数据建模建议
+为支持“高频写入 + 按时间范围回放/聚合”，建议将采集数据按时序表落库，并在 TimescaleDB 中转换为 Hypertable。
+
+推荐思路：
+- 一张时序主表：按 `ts` 做 Hypertable 分区
+- 以 `simulation_id` 作为业务主维度，支持一次三维仿真记录的时间窗查询与回放
+
+字段建议（可按性能需要做列化/半结构化折中）：
+- `ts`：时间戳（TimescaleDB 分区键）
+- `simulation_id`：三维仿真记录 ID（用于回放与归档）
+- `device_id`：数据来源设备
+- `signals`：结构化信号（可选 JSONB，或将高频字段拆为列以提升聚合效率）
+
+典型策略（按需启用）：
+- 保留策略：只保留近 N 天原始点，长期保留用压缩或降采样结果
+- 连续聚合：生成 1s/100ms 粒度的统计序列用于大屏曲线与回放加速
+
+## 5. 前端模块设计（Electron + Vue）
+
+### 5.1 界面体系（显示大屏 / 车载屏 / 控制屏）
+界面显示功能分为三类屏幕（与规划大纲一致），由 Electron 统一创建窗口并在指定显示器呈现，Vue 负责页面实现。
+
+1) **显示大屏（面向展示/观摩）**
+- **系统介绍**
+  - 系统功能介绍：图文并茂；可扩展语音播报与 AI 问答导览
+  - 车辆三维展示：外观/内饰动态展示；关键部件结构展示（转向机构、驱动机构等）
+  - 系统原理展示：动力/转向/制动/灯光等子系统工作原理可视化
+- **数据看板**
+  - 数据主屏：中间为车辆三维动态模型；周边展示车辆概况、车辆参数（示例：秦 Plus）、历次仿真记录、设备监控（CPU/内存）、模拟报警信息
+  - 仿真回放屏：对单次仿真结果回放；三维仿真回放 + 采集数据动态图表回放；进度显示（总时长/当前进度）
+- **仿真监控**
+  - 视角切换：主视角 / 驾驶员视角
+  - 主视角：路线图（动态）+ 车辆尾随视角
+  - 驾驶员视角：三维场景动态 + 仪表盘（车速、转速、档位、手刹、车灯、电量等）
+  - 仿真视频录制：动态录制仿真视频过程屏幕（目标 30fps），并与仿真记录绑定
+
+2) **车载屏（驾驶员视角）**
+- 仿真界面：三维仿真场景；天气与时段显示；车速显示；仿真状态标识（等待/仿真中/结束）
+- 数据记录：后台记录仿真过程记录，并动态录制车载屏仿真屏幕（目标 30fps）
+
+3) **控制屏（操作与管理）**
+- 场景配置
+  - 仿真场景：城市道路/高速公路/山区道路/乡村道路/校园道路
+  - 气象：晴/雨/雪/雾等；时段：黎明/正午/黄昏/夜间
+  - 车辆颜色：红/白/黑；最高限速：100–180 km/h
+  - 仿真时长：5–60 分钟；驾驶员选择：人员/账号绑定
+  - 车辆传感器校正：自检/校正
+  - 场景推送：下发到车载屏与显示大屏
+- 仿真控制：开始仿真 / 结束仿真
+- 系统配置：功能介绍（文字）、端口与路径等基础配置入口
+- 用户配置：角色与权限配置；用户与角色选择
+- 数据查询：系统日志查询；仿真记录查询
+- 数据分析：车辆数据分析、故障模拟诊断、CAN 总线数据模拟解析
+
+### 5.2 与后端的通信
+- REST：用于仿真记录控制、配置读写、历史查询、导出触发
+- WebSocket：订阅实时 topic（设备状态、采样数据、告警、录制进度）
+- 静态文件：通过后端安全映射路径访问视频与大文件（支持 Range）
+
+### 5.3 前端路由与窗口映射（建议）
+为便于多屏稳定运行，建议把“窗口类型”与“路由入口”固化：
+- 显示大屏
+  - `/big/system-intro`
+  - `/big/dashboard`
+  - `/big/sim-monitor`
+- 车载屏
+  - `/car/sim`
+- 控制屏
+  - `/control/config`
+  - `/control/operate`
+  - `/control/query`
+  - `/control/analysis`
+  - `/control/admin`
+
+### 5.4 外部进程启动与守护（Electron 主进程）
+主进程负责统一拉起与管理：
+- 后端 EXE：启动时分配端口（固定端口或自动探测），轮询 `/health` 确认就绪
+- Unity EXE：按用户选择显示器启动（命令行传参：端口、simulation_id、模式等）
+- 异常策略：崩溃检测、重启次数限制、日志采集、用户提示
+
+推荐机制：
+- 端口管理：优先读配置，冲突时自动寻找可用端口并回写运行态配置
+- 生命周期：Electron 退出时优雅关闭后端与 Unity（超时后强制）
+
+## 6. Unity 联动方案（外部项目对接约定）
+
+### 6.1 对接目标
+- 实时同步实体车/传感器状态到 Unity（姿态、速度、踏板、方向、报警等）
+- Unity 交互事件回传（场景切换、碰撞事件、驾驶行为、训练步骤等）
+- 支持“实时模式”和“回放模式”
+
+### 6.2 建议协议
+建议使用同一套消息 Envelope：
+- **WebSocket（实时）**：订阅 `vehicle.signal`、`control.command` 等；Unity 回传 `unity.event.*`
+- **HTTP（控制/查询）**：加载仿真记录、读取配置、拉取资源、触发导出
+
+### 6.3 同步与时钟策略
+- 后端为权威时间源（服务端时间戳），Unity 按 `ts` 对齐插值
+- 允许 Unity 维护环形缓冲（例如 100–300ms）平衡抖动与延迟
+
+## 7. 配置与环境管理
+
+### 7.1 venv 管理与依赖
+- 开发环境：`python -m venv venv`，使用 `requirements.txt` 固定依赖版本
+- 构建环境：单独 `requirements_build.txt`（包含 PyInstaller 等打包依赖）
+
+### 7.2 配置文件（INI）
+建议统一使用以下段落（可按需扩展）：
+
+```ini
+[SERVER]
+host = 0.0.0.0
+port = 5000
+
+[FILEPATH]
+path = data
+
+[DATABASE]
+url = postgresql+psycopg://smartedt:CHANGE_ME@127.0.0.1:5432/smartedt
+timescaledb = True
+```
+
+## 8. 打包发布与部署
+
+### 8.1 后端打包（PyInstaller）
+产物目标：
+- `Backend.exe`（单文件或目录模式）
+- `config.ini`（可外置，便于现场修改）
+- `data/`（默认数据目录，可按配置指向其他盘符）
+
+建议输出：
+- 内置 OpenAPI 文档（仅本机或受限网络可访问）
+- 日志写入到 `logs/`（按日期切分）
+
+### 8.2 前端打包（Electron）
+产物目标：
+- `SmartEDT.exe`（安装包/绿色包）
+- `resources/backend/Backend.exe`（随包携带或首次运行下载）
+- 统一版本号与升级策略（可选增量更新）
+
+### 8.3 一键启动链路
+1. 启动 `SmartEDT.exe`
+2. Electron 主进程读取配置并拉起 `Backend.exe`
+3. 后端健康检查通过后，渲染进程连接 REST/WS
+4. 用户选择“仿真模式”时，拉起 Unity EXE 并注入运行参数
+
+## 9. 多屏显示方案
+
+### 9.1 目标
+- 控制屏在主屏（操作与管理入口）
+- 显示大屏在副屏/大屏（系统介绍 / 数据看板 / 仿真监控）
+- 车载屏在驾驶员屏（或指定小屏）
+- Unity 全屏运行在指定显示器（可与显示大屏分离）
+
+### 9.2 Electron 实现要点
+- 启动时枚举显示器，建立“显示器—窗口类型”映射
+- 针对不同显示器创建多个 BrowserWindow（固定 URL/路由）
+- 提供“显示器管理”设置页：拖拽绑定、保存配置、开机恢复
+- Unity 启动参数附带目标显示器索引（或由 Unity 自行选择）
+
+建议的窗口类型：
+- BigScreenWindow：显示大屏（可切换 system-intro/dashboard/sim-monitor）
+- CarScreenWindow：车载屏（驾驶员视角）
+- ControlWindow：控制屏（配置、控制、查询、分析、管理）
+
+## 10. 安全、可靠性与合规
+
+### 10.1 本地数据安全
+- 默认仅本机访问（可通过配置开放局域网）
+- 静态文件映射做路径规范化与越界拦截（对标 README 的安全策略）
+- 敏感字段脱敏显示（subject_id 映射/匿名化）
+
+### 10.2 稳定性策略
+- 设备断连：自动重连、指数退避、状态广播
+- 写盘保护：异步队列 + 批量提交；异常时保证仿真记录可关闭并可恢复
+- 资源管理：视频录制与采样队列限速，避免磁盘/CPU 被打满
+
+## 11. 日志、诊断与监控
+- 分级日志：设备/仿真记录/API/存储
+- 诊断接口：`/health` 返回依赖与核心子系统状态（设备数量、队列长度等）
+- 现场排障：一键导出日志与仿真记录元数据（不含隐私或做脱敏）
+
+## 12. 测试与质量保证
+- 单元测试：消息模型、路径安全、数据库 CRUD、仿真流程状态机
+- 集成测试：模拟设备数据源（Mock Adapter），验证 WS 推送与落盘
+- 性能测试：高频 IMU、视频录制并发、长时仿真稳定性（内存/磁盘增长）
+
+## 13. 交付物清单（建议）
+- 后端：可执行程序、配置模板、API 文档、设备接入开发规范
+- 前端：桌面 EXE、显示器管理、实验流程 UI、日志导出
+- 对接：Unity 通讯协议文档（topic/消息体/端口/参数）、联调用例
+- 运维：安装说明、目录与数据管理说明、故障排查手册
+
--- a/系统框架结构评估.md
+++ b/系统框架结构评估.md
@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# 系统框架结构评估与优化建议
+
+本文档基于 `d:\Trae_space\SmartEDT\README.md` 与实际代码结构，对已生成的 SmartEDT 系统框架（后端 Python 3.13.1 + FastAPI + TimescaleDB，前端 Electron + Vue）进行评估与分析，并提出优化改进点。
+
+## 1. 总体评估
+
+**结论**：系统框架整体架构合理，层次清晰，符合《系统开发技术方案.md》的要求，能够支撑后续功能开发。
+
+**亮点**：
+- **架构分层清晰**：后端按 `api`（接口）、`services`（业务逻辑）、`database`（存储）、`device`（硬件抽象）分层，职责单一。
+- **技术选型落地准确**：Python 3.13.1 + FastAPI + WebSocket + PostgreSQL/TimescaleDB 组合落地，前端 Electron + Vue 多窗口方案已具雏形。
+- **工程化细节完备**：包含 `config.ini` 配置加载、Mock 设备实现、Docker 友好的环境变量覆盖、静态文件安全映射、以及自动化的数据库 Schema 初始化。
+- **扩展性良好**：`SimulationManager` 封装了仿真生命周期，`MockVehicleDevice` 提供了设备接入的模板，便于后续替换为真实硬件驱动。
+
+## 2. 不足与改进建议
+
+尽管骨架已跑通，但在高频采集、健壮性与可维护性方面仍有优化空间：
+
+### 2.1 后端（Backend）
+
+1.  **数据库连接池与异步写入优化**
+    - **现状**：`SimulationManager._run_loop` 中每次采集都调用 `_persist_signal`，内部使用 `async with self._session_factory()` 创建新 Session 并提交。
+    - **问题**：高频采集（如 50ms/20Hz）下，频繁创建/销毁 Session 会带来性能开销；且单条 Insert 效率较低。
+    - **改进**：
+        - 引入 **批量写入队列**（Batch Buffer），每 N 条或每 M 秒批量 `COPY` 或 `INSERT` 到 TimescaleDB。
+        - 确保 `engine` 配置了合理的连接池大小（`pool_size`, `max_overflow`）。
+
+2.  **异常处理与优雅退出**
+    - **现状**：`main.py` 的 `shutdown` 钩子中只处理了 `simulation_manager.stop`。
+    - **问题**：如果 WebSocket 广播队列积压或数据库连接卡死，服务可能无法优雅退出。
+    - **改进**：
+        - 增加全局异常捕获（Global Exception Handler）。
+        - 在 `Broadcaster` 中增加队列满或断连的防御性逻辑。
+
+3.  **配置热加载与验证**
+    - **现状**：`settings.py` 仅在启动时加载一次。
+    - **问题**：运行时无法动态调整日志级别或采集频率。
+    - **改进**：虽然不需要完全热加载，但建议增加配置项的 Pydantic 校验（当前已用 `pydantic-settings`，符合预期，但可增强校验规则）。
+
+4.  **设备抽象层增强**
+    - **现状**：`MockVehicleDevice` 直接返回字典。
+    - **改进**：引入 Pydantic 模型或 TypedDict 定义设备数据协议，确保 `payload` 结构在代码层面有强类型约束。
+
+### 2.2 前端（Frontend）
+
+1.  **状态管理缺失**
+    - **现状**：各 `.vue` 页面独立通过 `useWebSocket` 订阅数据。
+    - **问题**：多窗口间（如控制屏与大屏）可能需要共享某些全局状态（如当前仿真 ID、连接状态），各自维护连接可能造成资源浪费或状态不一致。
+    - **改进**：引入 Pinia 进行全局状态管理（如 `useSimulationStore`），统一管理 WS 连接与消息分发。
+
+2.  **Electron 进程通信 (IPC) 封装**
+    - **现状**：`main.cjs` 启动了后端，但未建立健壮的 IPC 通道来透传后端日志或状态给渲染进程。
+    - **改进**：增加 `preload.js`，通过 `contextBridge` 暴露后端进程状态（PID、启动日志）给控制屏前端，便于运维排查。
+
+3.  **多屏窗口管理增强**
+    - **现状**：`createWindows` 硬编码了 `others[0]`、`others[1]`。
+    - **改进**：增加配置文件（`window-layout.json`）记录屏幕 ID 与窗口路由的绑定关系，实现“开机自动恢复上次布局”。
+
+## 3. 优化计划
+
+基于以上分析，将对代码进行以下针对性优化：
+
+1.  **后端**：优化 `SimulationManager` 的入库逻辑，改为 `Buffer` 批量写入模式。
+2.  **后端**：增强 `device` 数据模型的类型定义。
+3.  **前端**：引入 Pinia 并重构 WS 逻辑为 Store 模式。
+4.  **工程**：补充 `docker-compose.yml` 以便快速拉起 PostgreSQL + TimescaleDB 环境。